Clinical trial Recruiting at 4 sites Observational Ages 18 and up

Reference framework for outcomes after machine-preserved liver transplantation in Europe

Official title: Establishing a Reference Framework for Outcomes After Machine-Preserved Liver Transplantation in Europe (REFRAME-MP)

Run by University Medical Center Groningen · NCT07585890 · Data updated 2026-11-12

This study tests how liver transplants that use machine perfusion perform in real-world practice, to see how different perfusion methods relate to outcomes for adults in Europe.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
Enrollment10000 (estimated)
SponsorUniversity Medical Center Groningen
Academic / other
Locations38 sites (Innsbruck and 37 other locations)
StatusRecruiting
StartedApril 21, 2026
Main results expectedDecember 31, 2026
Study endsDecember 31, 2030
Registry record updatedNovember 3, 2026
Trial IDNCT07585890 on ClinicalTrials.gov

Is this trial a fit for you?

Likely a good fit

Adults (18+) who received a liver transplant or had a liver offer that involved machine perfusion as part of routine clinical practice, with any donor type (DBD/DCD).

Probably not a fit

Patients whose grafts were not preserved with machine perfusion or who lack sufficient follow-up data may not benefit from conclusions drawn.

A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.

What this trial studies

This observational study collects real-world data on liver transplants performed with various machine perfusion approaches across multiple European centers. It aims to create an updated reference framework for outcomes in the era of routine machine perfusion, and to apply a target trial emulation using the gathered data. The study includes all donor types and preservation methods used in clinical practice, with at least 12 months of follow-up after transplant. Analyses will consider differences between end-ischemic hypothermic, normothermic, continuous normothermic, and combined HOPE- and COR-NMP protocols. The goal is to guide future decisions about which perfusion strategies may benefit specific donor-recipient situations.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the framework could help clinicians choose the most appropriate MP strategy for different patients and organs, potentially improving survival and graft function.

How similar studies have gone: Previous work has laid the groundwork for machine perfusion practices, but this framework represents an updated, real-world reference rather than a completely novel approach.

Who can join: the full rules

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* All postmortal livers accepted (transplanted and not-transplanted after machine perfusion) upon organ offer for patients \>18 years at the time of liver transplantation.
* All donor types (DBD, DCD)
* Preservation either with static cold storage alone or combined with machine perfusion (MP).
* Donor livers underwent MP as part of routine clinical practice and the choice of perfusion protocol was made according to institutional standard practice.
* Eligible MP protocols are:

  1. end-ischemic single- or dual hypothermic oxygenated MP \[e(D)HOPE\],
  2. end-ischemic (back-to-base) normothermic MP \[eNMP\],
  3. continuous (device-to-donor) normothermic MP \[cNMP\],
  4. e(D)HOPE followed by controlled oxygenated rewarming and normothermic MP \[e(D)HOPE-COR-NMP)\],
  5. e(D)HOPE followed by normothermic MP \[e(D)HOPE-NMP\], or
  6. Normothermic regional perfusion followed by SCS or an ex situ MP protocol.
* A minimum follow-up of 12 months after liver transplantation is required.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Livers that were allocated to a MP protocol as part of a prospective randomized or interventional clinical trial comparing different preservation techniques or any other invention.
* Living donor liver transplantation

Where it's running

  • Medical University of Innsbruck
    Innsbruck, Austria
    Recruiting
  • University Hospital Essen
    Essen, Germany
    Recruiting
  • A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza
    Torino, Italy
    Recruiting
  • University Medical Center Groningen
    Groningen, Netherlands
    Recruiting
  • Medical University of Vienna
    Vienna, Austria
    Not yet recruiting
  • Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc
    Brussels, Belgium
    Not yet recruiting
Show 32 more locations
  • UZ Ghent
    Ghent, Belgium
    Not yet recruiting
  • University Hospitals Leuven
    Leuven, Belgium
    Not yet recruiting
  • Beaujon Hospital
    Clichy, France
    Not yet recruiting
  • Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse
    Lyon, France
    Not yet recruiting
  • Hautepierre Hospital
    Strasbourg, France
    Not yet recruiting
  • Hôpital Paul-Brousse Ap-Hp
    Villejuif, France
    Not yet recruiting
  • Aachen University Hospital
    Aachen, Germany
    Not yet recruiting
  • Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
    Berlin, Germany
    Not yet recruiting
  • University Hospital Bonn
    Bonn, Germany
    Not yet recruiting
  • Hannover Medical School
    Hanover, Germany
    Not yet recruiting
  • University Hospital Heidelberg
    Heidelberg, Germany
    Not yet recruiting
  • University Hospital Magdeburg
    Magdeburg, Germany
    Not yet recruiting
  • University Hospital Muenster
    Münster, Germany
    Not yet recruiting
  • Tübingen University Hospital
    Tübingen, Germany
    Not yet recruiting
  • A.O.U Consorziale Policlinico di Bari
    Bari, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
  • Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII
    Bergamo, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
  • Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi
    Bologna, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
  • ASST Niguarda Great Metropolitan Hospital
    Milan, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
  • Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
    Milan, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
  • A.O.U. Pisana - Ospedale Cisanello
    Pisa, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
  • Clinica ospedaliero-universitaria Policlinico Umberto I
    Roma, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
  • A.O.U. Integrata Verona
    Verona, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
  • Leiden University Medical Center
    Leiden, Netherlands
    Not yet recruiting
  • Cruces University Hospital
    Barakaldo, Spain
    Not yet recruiting
  • Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
    Barcelona, Spain
    Not yet recruiting
  • Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío
    Seville, Spain
    Not yet recruiting
  • Karolinska Institutet
    Stockholm, Sweden
    Not yet recruiting
  • Bern University Hospital
    Bern, Switzerland
    Not yet recruiting
  • Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève
    Geneva, Switzerland
    Not yet recruiting
  • Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
    Leeds, United Kingdom
    Not yet recruiting
  • King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
    London, United Kingdom
    Not yet recruiting
  • Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust
    London, United Kingdom
    Not yet recruiting

Study contacts

  • Principal investigator: Vincent E de Meijer, MD, PhD — University Medical Center Groningen
  • Study coordinator: Sabrina Stimmeder, MD
  • Email: s.stimmeder@umcg.nl
  • Phone: ‭+31503612896‬

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How to take part

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Last reviewed 2026-11-14 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.