Sex differences in how menthol e-cigarettes appeal to people who smoke
Official title: Sex Differences in E-Cigarette Perception: Study 2
Run by Yale University · NCT07398976 · Data updated 2026-11-12
This study tests whether men and women differ in how menthol e-cigarettes with or without nicotine appeal to smokers who have used e-cigarettes before.
Quick facts
| Study type | Interventional |
|---|---|
| Ages | 21 Years to 44 Years |
| Sex | All |
| Enrollment | 60 (estimated) |
| Sponsor | Yale University Academic / other |
| Locations | 1 site (New Haven, Connecticut) |
| Status | Recruiting |
| Started | July 30, 2026 |
| Main results expected | April 1, 2027 |
| Study ends | April 1, 2027 |
| Registry record updated | September 2, 2026 |
| Trial ID | NCT07398976 on ClinicalTrials.gov |
Is this trial a fit for you?
✓Likely a good fit
Current cigarette smokers with prior e-cigarette exposure who can read and write in English and are not seeking to quit.
✕Probably not a fit
Individuals without prior e-cigarette experience or those seeking to quit smoking may not experience direct benefits from this study.
A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.
What this trial studies
Researchers will compare how sex influences preferences for menthol-flavored e-cigarettes with varying nicotine levels. Participants who currently smoke and have prior e-cigarette experience will sample menthol products with 0 mg/mL, 36 mg/mL, and 59 mg/mL nicotine, while a progressively harder-to-earn menthol nicotine product is offered alongside a low-cost menthol non-nicotine option. The study will measure product preference, choice behavior, and exploratory outcomes related to reward, appeal, and sensory effects. The design includes initial sampling and a decision paradigm to assess craving and preference patterns by sex. Safety screening will exclude individuals with high medical risk or menthol allergies.
Why it matters
Potential benefit: If successful, findings could inform how menthol and nicotine content influence product appeal across sexes, aiding tailored harm-reduction or policy discussions.
How similar studies have gone: Previous research has explored sex differences in nicotine-related responses, but this study applies a novel paradigm focused on menthol-flavored, nicotine-containing and non-nicotine e-cigarettes.
Who can join: the full rules
Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * Able to read/write in English * Current cigarette smoking * Prior e-cigarette exposure * Biochemically verified cigarette use * Not trying to quit tobacco use Exclusion Criteria: * Significant medical concerns that would increase study risk * Use of psychoactive drugs unless prescribed and stable * Allergy to menthol or other e-liquid ingredients * Dislike of menthol * Pregnant, trying to get pregnant, breastfeeding
Where it's running
-
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut, United States Recruiting
Study contacts
- Principal investigator: Danielle R Davis, PhD — Yale University
- Study coordinator: Danielle R Davis, PhD
- Email: danielle.davis@yale.edu
- Phone: 2039747607
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How to take part
- Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
- Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
- Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.