Adding azithromycin to ampicillin for late PPROM

Azithromycin and Ampicillin for Late PPROM

Phase 4 Interventional Sheba Medical Center · NCT07183462

This test sees if adding a single dose of azithromycin to the usual ampicillin/amoxicillin treatment helps newborns when membranes break early between 34.0 and 36.6 weeks.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 4
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment311 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 50 Years
SexFemale
SponsorSheba Medical Center Government
Locations1 site (Ramat Gan, Israel)
Trial IDNCT07183462 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This phase 4 interventional trial enrolls pregnant people with singleton preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) between 34.0 and 36.6 weeks to compare two antibiotic regimens. Participants are randomized to receive standard intravenous ampicillin followed by oral amoxicillin alone or the same regimen plus a single oral dose of azithromycin, and they remain hospitalized until delivery. Investigators monitor maternal signs of infection, time from membrane rupture to delivery (latency), and neonatal outcomes including serious morbidity and need for NICU support. The trial aims to determine whether broader antibiotic coverage in the late preterm period reduces neonatal complications or prolongs latency compared with current standard care.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Pregnant people aged 18–50 with a singleton pregnancy and PPROM between 34.0 and 36.6 weeks who are not in active labor and have no macrolide allergy are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Those in active labor, with multiple gestation, suspected chorioamnionitis, fetal compromise, major fetal anomalies, or macrolide sensitivity would not be expected to benefit from this comparison.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, adding azithromycin could reduce serious neonatal infections and respiratory complications and lower NICU admissions by preventing ascending infection or prolonging pregnancy.

How similar studies have performed: Large randomized trials in earlier preterm PPROM (<32 weeks) showed benefit from combining ampicillin with a macrolide like erythromycin or azithromycin, but randomized evidence specifically in the late preterm window (34.0–36.6 weeks) is limited.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Maternal age 18-50
* Premature rupture of membranes
* Gestational age 34.0 and 36.4 weeks
* Singleton pregnancy

Exclusion Criteria:

* Multiple gestations
* Individuals in active labor (defined as 3 cm dilatation and 80% effacement or more. or regular uterine construction of more than 4 in 10 minutes)
* Meconium stain amniotic fluid
* Non-reassuring fetal heart rate or status
* Maternal or fetal indication for labor:

  * Suspected Chorioamnionitis
  * Suspected placental abruption
  * Any maternal morbidity requiring labor
* Cervical cerclage in place.
* Major fetal malformation or known chromosomal abnormalities.
* Stillbirth.
* Sensitivity to Macrolides Antibiotics

Where this trial is running

Ramat Gan, Israel

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Pregnancy Complications, InfectiousPremature BirthNeonatal Diseases and AbnormalitiesAntibiotic ProphylaxisLatency PeriodPrematurity
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.