Investigating AZD5492 for treating systemic lupus erythematosus and inflammatory myopathies

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Participant must be 18 to 70 years of age inclusive, at the time of signing the informed consent.
2. Diagnosis of SLE:

   1. Diagnosis of SLE according to the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for SLE
   2. Positive for one or more of: anti-nuclear antibodies (titre ≥ 1:80), anti-dsDNA or anti-Sm at screening.
   3. Active, moderate-severe disease at screening, defined as clinical SLEDAI-2K ≥ 4.
   4. Intolerance to, or inadequate response following at least 3 months of use to, ≥ 3 available treatments, such as the following: corticosteroids, anti-malarial drugs, calcineurin inhibitor, methotrexate, azathioprine, leflunomide, mycophenolic acid or its derivatives, cyclophosphamide, belimumab, anifrolumab, telitacicept, or B-cell depleting monoclonal antibodies.
3. Diagnosis of IIM:

   1. Must have "probable" or "definite" diagnosis of PM or DM (excluding IBM and cancer associated myositis) according to the 2017 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for adult myositis.
   2. Positive for ≥ 1 disease-specific autoantibody at screening.
   3. MMT-8 score of ≤ 142/150 and/or CDASI-A ≥ 6
   4. Fulfill at least one of the following criteria of active disease at screening:

   (i) One or more muscle enzyme elevation (CK, AST, ALT, aldolase, LDH) ≥ 1.3 × ULN (ii) If criterion 3(d)(i) is not met, then at least one of the following criteria must be met: a. Report from MRI performed within 3 months prior to screening with evidence of muscle inflammation b. Report from muscle biopsy performed within 3 months prior to screening that demonstrates active inflammation c. Report from electromyography performed within 3 months prior to screening that exhibits irritable myopathic pattern.

   (e) Intolerance or inadequate response to corticosteroids and ≥2 other SoC treatments, used for at least 3 months each, for which at least one must be a biologic SoC, immunoglobulin or cyclophosphamide.
4. Diagnosis of RA:

   (a) Diagnosis of RA as defined by the 2010 EULAR/ACR classification criteria (b) Positive for ≥ 1 disease-specific autoantibody performed by the central laboratory at screening: RF or ACPA (c) Moderate or severe disease activity defined as: (i) ≥6 tender joints and ≥6 swollen joints AND (ii) DAS28-CRP \>3.2. (d) Intolerance to or inadequate response following approximately 3 month's treatment or longer to ≥2 b/tsDMARDs (with different mechanisms of action) after failing csDMARD therapy (unless csDMARD therapy is contraindicated). There is no minimum duration for taking a treatment in cases of intolerance.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Any complications of the disease under study which are judged by the investigator to be life or organ threatening or to require treatments which are not permitted in the protocol, including but not limited to:

   1. Active severe SLE-driven renal disease.
   2. History of, or current diagnosis of, catastrophic or severe APS (for example diagnosis of an arterial or central/pulmonary venous clot) within 1 year prior to signing the ICF.
   3. Rapidly progressive and/or severe ILD or ILD that requires oxygen supplementation/therapy (of any type).
   4. Inclusion Body Myositis or cancer associated myositis.
2. Active severe, unstable or history of neuropsychiatric SLE.
3. IIM: Pulmonary function tests at screening (or within one month of screening, provided participant confirms no change in respiratory symptoms in the interim) which meet any of the following criteria:

   1. FVC ≤60% of predicted
   2. DLCO ≤70% of predicted
   3. Deterioration in either FVC or DLCO at screening compared to pulmonary function tests performed ≥3 months previously.
4. Significant history of or at risk of severe infections.
5. Participants with HIV infection.
6. Participants with evidence of chronic or active hepatitis B defined as HBsAg positive or HBcAB positive
7. Participants with evidence of chronic or active hepatitis C
8. Participants with positive COVID-19 PCR.
9. Known history of a primary immunodeficiency, splenectomy, or any underlying condition that predisposes the participant to infection.
10. Significant CNS pathology.
11. Receipt of B-cell-depleting therapy including CD19 or CD20 directed monoclonal antibodies (including but not limited to, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, obinutuzumab, or rituximab) \<3 months prior to Day 1.