Cemiplimab with or without CDX-1140 given before surgery for stage III-IV head and neck cancer

A Phase 2 Window of Opportunity Trial of Neoadjuvant Agonistic Anti-CD40 Antibody CDX-1140 and Cemiplimab (REGN2810) in AJCC Stage III-IV Head and Neck Cancer Patients Prior to Surgery

Phase 2 Interventional National Cancer Institute (NCI) · NCT06980038

This trial tests whether adding the immune stimulant CDX-1140 to cemiplimab before surgery helps shrink tumors in people with resectable stage III-IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 2
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment44 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorNational Cancer Institute (NCI) NIH
Drugs / interventionscemiplimab, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, prednisone
Locations6 sites (Irvine, California and 5 other locations)
Trial IDNCT06980038 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a randomized phase II neoadjuvant trial comparing cemiplimab plus the anti-CD40 agonist CDX-1140 versus cemiplimab alone in patients with resectable stage III-IV mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The primary endpoint is major pathologic response, defined as 10% or less residual viable tumor in the surgical specimen after the preoperative treatment. Secondary and exploratory measures include overall pathologic response rates, safety and tolerability, RNA sequencing of tumor tissue, circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker, pharmacokinetics, and changes in the tumor microenvironment and circulating cytokines. Participants undergo baseline biopsy and imaging, receive the assigned neoadjuvant immunotherapy, then proceed to surgery with biospecimen collection for correlative studies.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: People with resectable AJCC stage III-IV mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who have measurable tumors (and p16-negative oropharyngeal cancers) and are candidates for surgery are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with metastatic (M1) disease or HPV-related (p16-positive) oropharyngeal cancer are not eligible and are unlikely to benefit from this neoadjuvant approach in this trial.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the combination could shrink tumors before surgery and reduce how much normal tissue needs to be removed.

How similar studies have performed: Neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitors have shown promising pathologic responses in head and neck cancer, but combining PD-1 blockade with an anti-CD40 agonist in this setting is relatively novel and early-stage.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage III-IV T0-4, N0-3b, M0 mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) (oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, and nasal cavity) that is appropriate for surgical resection. Both previously untreated (primary) and recurrent (salvage) settings will be eligible. Tumors must be accessible to biopsy in clinic (patients with laryngeal, hypopharyngeal, nasal cavity and base of tongue tumors will have endoscopic biopsies)
* For patients with oropharyngeal cancer, only p16-negative (non-human papillomavirus \[HPV\] related) patients will be eligible
* Patients must have measurable disease, defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension (longest diameter to be recorded for non-nodal lesions and short axis for nodal lesions) as ≥ 20 mm (≥ 2 cm) by chest x-ray or as ≥ 10 mm (≥ 1 cm) with CT scan, MRI, or calipers by clinical exam
* Age ≥ 18 years. Because no dosing or adverse event (AE) data are currently available on the use of cemiplimab (REGN2810) alone or in combination with CDX-1140 in patients \< 18 years of age, children are excluded from this study
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2 (Karnofsky ≥ 60%)
* Hemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 7 g/dL (transfusion allowed to bring Hb to this level)
* Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,000/mcL
* Platelets ≥ 100,000/mcL
* Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase \[SGOT\]) /alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase \[SGPT\]) ≤ 3 × institutional ULN
* Creatinine ≤ 1.5 × institutional ULN OR glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial
* For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy, if indicated
* Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load
* Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. To be eligible for this trial, patients should be class II or better
* Based on its mechanism of action, cemiplimab (REGN2810) can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Animal studies have demonstrated that inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can lead to increased risk of immune-mediated rejection of the developing fetus resulting in fetal death. Women of childbearing potential and men should use effective contraception during treatment with cemiplimab (REGN2810) and for 4 months after the last dose. The reproductive and developmental toxicity of CDX-1140 has not been evaluated. Women of childbearing potential and their partners who receive CDX-1140 must therefore take adequate contraceptive measures
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document. Legally authorized representatives may sign and give informed consent on behalf of study participants

Exclusion Criteria:

* Active or documented history of autoimmune disease within 2 years before screening
* Prior or planned allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)
* History of organ transplant that requires use of immunosuppressive medications
* Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 14 days prior to the start of study drug administration. Immunosuppressants may interfere with study drug efficacy
* Any previous treatment with a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor, including cemiplimab (REGN2810). It is unclear how prior exposure to immunotherapy would impact future use of checkpoint inhibitors
* Concurrent use of prednisone (10 mg or more)
* Patients with new pulmonary infiltrates indicative of pneumonitis, history of (non-infectious) pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease, or current pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease, including grade 1 pneumonitis (i.e., asymptomatic, clinical or diagnostic observation only, intervention not indicated)
* Another active malignancy for which the natural history or treatment has potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen on this trial
* Patients who have not recovered from AE due to prior anti-cancer therapy (i.e., have residual toxicities \> grade 1) with the exception of alopecia
* Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents, such as concurrent chemotherapy, biologic, immunologic or hormonal therapy for cancer treatment
* History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to CDX-1140 or cemiplimab (REGN2810)
* Patients with uncontrolled intercurrent illness or any other significant condition(s) that would make participation in this protocol unreasonably hazardous
* Pregnant women are excluded from this study because of the increased risk of immune-mediated rejection of the developing fetus with cemiplimab (REGN2810). Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed children, women should not breastfeed during treatment with cemiplimab (REGN2810) and for at least 4 months after the last dose. These risks may also apply to CDX-1140

Where this trial is running

Irvine, California and 5 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Head and Neck Squamous Cell CarcinomaHypopharyngeal Squamous Cell CarcinomaLaryngeal Squamous Cell CarcinomaNasal Cavity Squamous Cell CarcinomaOral Cavity Squamous Cell CarcinomaOropharyngeal Squamous Cell CarcinomaRecurrent Head and Neck Squamous Cell CarcinomaRecurrent Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.