Using Allopurinol to Protect the Brain and Heart in Newborns with Serious Heart Defects

Cerebrum and Cardiac Protection With Allopurinol in Neonates With Critical Congenital Heart Disease Requiring Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Phase 3 Interventional UMC Utrecht · NCT04217421

This study is testing if giving allopurinol to newborns with serious heart defects before and after heart surgery can help protect their brains and hearts from damage.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 3
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment236 (estimated)
AgesN/A to 1 Month
SexAll
SponsorUMC Utrecht Academic / other
Locations4 sites (Groningen and 3 other locations)
Trial IDNCT04217421 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of allopurinol, a medication that reduces harmful free radicals, in neonates diagnosed with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) who require cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. The aim is to prevent neurodevelopmental impairments caused by brain injury during and after surgery. By administering allopurinol early in the postnatal and perioperative periods, researchers hope to limit brain and heart damage associated with hypoxia-reperfusion injury. The study will involve monitoring the outcomes of neonates receiving this treatment compared to standard care.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are neonates with a confirmed diagnosis of critical congenital heart disease requiring cardiac surgery within the first four weeks of life.

Not a fit: Patients who are not undergoing surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass or those receiving comfort care only may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this treatment could significantly reduce brain injury and improve long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates with critical congenital heart disease.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have indicated that allopurinol may be effective in reducing hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, suggesting potential success for this approach.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Neonates with a prenatally or postnatally confirmed diagnosis of CCHD requiring (anticipated) cardiac surgery with CPB within the first 4 weeks of life.
* Informed consent provided by both parents.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to enroll the patient before the start of delivery in case of prenatal diagnosis, or 24 hours before surgery in case of postnatal diagnosis.
* Doubt whether the aortic arch anomaly before birth requires cardiac surgery with CPB in the neonatal period.
* Gestational age below 36 weeks and/or birth weight less than 2000 gram.
* Surgery not requiring cardiopulmonary bypass.
* Decision for "comfort care only".

Where this trial is running

Groningen and 3 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Congenital Heart Disease in ChildrenNeuroprotectionCongenital Heart DiseaseAllopurinolBrain injuryCardiopulmonary bypassBrain functionBrain oxygenation
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.