S100B blood changes in emergency patients with head trauma

Single-center Transversal Observational Study on the Evaluation of S100B Changes in Subjects Attending the Emergency Department With Head Trauma

Observational IRCCS San Raffaele · NCT07036146

This study will test whether a blood test for the protein S100B can reliably rule out brain injury in people who arrive at the ER within six hours of a head injury.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Enrollment1000 (estimated)
AgesN/A to 100 Years
SexAll
SponsorIRCCS San Raffaele Academic / other
Drugs / interventionsradiation
Locations1 site (Milan, Milano)
Trial IDNCT07036146 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a single-center, transversal observational study enrolling patients who present to the emergency department within six hours of head trauma. Participants undergo a routine clinical management pathway identical to non-enrolled patients, with the only difference being a venous blood draw for S100B measurement. Measured S100B levels will be compared with imaging results and clinical outcomes to determine how well the biomarker predicts absence of intracranial injury. The goal is to determine whether early S100B testing can safely reduce unnecessary CT scans and shorten ED stays.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: People of any sex aged 0–100 who present to the ED within six hours of head trauma and can provide informed consent (or regain consciousness within six hours) are eligible.

Not a fit: Patients who remain unconscious beyond six hours, who present more than six hours after the injury, or who have clinical indications for immediate imaging or severe TBI are unlikely to benefit from S100B-based CT reduction.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, using S100B could safely reduce unnecessary head CT scans and shorten emergency department stays for low-risk head-injury patients.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have reported high sensitivity (~97%) and negative predictive value (>99%) for early S100B measurement in ruling out intracranial injury, so the approach has supporting evidence.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Either males or female patients, aged 0-100 years, who signed the study informed consent, including pregnant and breastfeeding women admitted at the ED with a head trauma occurred less than 6 hour prior to admission to the ED. Unconscious patients will still be enrolled if they regain consciousness within 6 hours of the trauma

Exclusion Criteria:

* unconscious patients as well as patients for whom the head trauma occurred at least 6 hours before presenting to the emergency room

Where this trial is running

Milan, Milano

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Head Trauma
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.