Clinical trial Recruiting at 1 site Interventional Ages 21 to 99

PEAR: an AI chatbot to explain anaesthesia risks and consent.

Official title: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Large Language Models in Anaesthesia and Procedural Consent: A Comparative Analysis With Traditional Patient Consent Methods

Run by Singapore General Hospital · NCT06949462 · Data updated 2026-11-12

This trial will test whether PEAR, a multilingual AI chatbot, helps adults having elective surgery understand anaesthesia risks, feel more satisfied, and have less preoperative anxiety compared with the usual face-to-face consent conversation.

Quick facts

Study typeInterventional
Ages21 Years to 99 Years
SexAll
Enrollment120 (estimated)
SponsorSingapore General Hospital
Academic / other
Locations2 sites (Singapore, Singapore and 1 other locations)
StatusRecruiting
StartedJanuary 7, 2026
Main results expectedApril 27, 2026
Study endsApril 27, 2026
Registry record updatedMay 7, 2026
Trial IDNCT06949462 on ClinicalTrials.gov

Is this trial a fit for you?

Likely a good fit

Adults aged 21 and over undergoing elective surgery with ASA physical status I–III who can read and communicate in English, Mandarin, Malay, or Tamil and are able to provide informed consent and use the chatbot are eligible.

Probably not a fit

Patients with ASA IV or higher, significant cognitive or psychiatric impairment, emergency surgery, non‑literacy, or inability to use the supported languages are unlikely to benefit from PEAR in this study.

A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.

What this trial studies

Adults scheduled for elective surgery at SingHealth hospitals are randomly assigned to use PEAR before meeting their anaesthetist or to receive the standard verbal consent process. PEAR is a conversational, multilingual interface that presents institution-aligned anaesthesia risk information and allows interactive questions. After the consent process, patients complete a short quiz to measure understanding, a satisfaction survey, and an anxiety scale while clinicians record time spent and perceived workload. All participants still meet the anaesthetist in person, and data are anonymised and stored securely for comparison between groups.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, PEAR could improve patient understanding, increase satisfaction, reduce preoperative anxiety, and make consent discussions more efficient.

How similar studies have gone: Previous studies of digital and multimedia consent tools have shown improved comprehension and satisfaction in some settings, but the use of large language model–driven, multilingual chatbots for anaesthesia consent is relatively new and less tested.

Who can join: the full rules

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

\- Adults (≥21 years old) undergoing elective surgery requiring anaesthesia

Classified as ASA Physical Status I to III

* Able to provide informed consent
* Able to communicate effectively in English, Chinese (Mandarin), Malay, or Tamil
* Willing and able to complete questionnaires and interact with the PEAR chatbot (intervention arm)

Exclusion Criteria:

* ASA Physical Status IV or above
* Cognitive impairment or psychiatric conditions that may limit comprehension or communication
* Non-literate patients or those unable to understand English, Chinese, Malay, or Tamil
* Emergency surgery cases
* Prior participation in the study (to prevent bias)

Where it's running

  • Singapore General Hospital
    Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
    Recruiting
  • Singapore General Hospital
    Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
    Not yet recruiting

Study contacts

Similar studies

Other studies for the same condition or treatment. Recruiting studies are listed first.

How to take part

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Last reviewed 2026-11-14 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.