New treatment approach for BRCA1/2 mutated triple negative breast cancer

Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Olaparib Plus Pembrolizumab Following Platinum Based Chemotherapy Plus Pembrolizumab for Germline BRCA Mutated Triple Negative Breast Cancer (WJOG14020B/OPERETTA)

This study is testing a new treatment combining Olaparib and Pembrolizumab for people with BRCA1/2 mutated triple negative breast cancer to see if it works better after chemotherapy.

Quick facts

• Phase: Phase 2
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 23 (estimated)
• Ages: 18 Years and up
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: Okayama University (Academic / other)
• Drugs / interventions: pembrolizumab, chemotherapy
• Locations: 3 sites (Gifu, Gifu and 2 other locations)
• Trial ID: NCT05485766 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This Phase II, single-arm, open label study evaluates the effectiveness of Olaparib combined with Pembrolizumab after platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with germline BRCA 1/2 mutated triple negative breast cancer. The treatment involves administering Pembrolizumab alongside weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin as neoadjuvant therapy, followed by Pembrolizumab and Olaparib in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. The study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of this combination therapy in a specific patient population.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates include adults with histologically confirmed invasive triple negative breast cancer and confirmed germline BRCA 1/2 mutations.

Not a fit: Patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer or those who have received prior treatment for their condition may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this treatment could significantly improve outcomes for patients with BRCA1/2 mutated triple negative breast cancer.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown promising results with similar combination therapies in treating triple negative breast cancer, indicating potential for success in this approach.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

* Male/female subjects who are at least 18 years of age on the day of signing informed consent with histologically confirmed diagnosis of invasive breast cancer
* Have histologically confirmed TNBC, as defined by the most recent ASCO/CAP guidelines.
* Confirmed germline BRCA 1/2 mutated.
* Have previously untreated locally advanced non-metastatic (M0) TNBC defined as the following combined primary tumor (T) and regional lymph node (N) staging per AJCC for breast cancer staging criteria version 7 as assessed by the investigator based on radiological and/or clinical assessment:

  1. T1c, N1-N2
  2. T2, N0-N2
  3. T3, N0-N2
  4. T4a-d, N0-N2
* It has been confirmed that there is no distant metastasis to each organ by the following tests. Chest: Contrast CT or FDG-PET/CT Abdominal: Contract CT\* or FDG-PET/CT Bone: Bone scintigraphy or FDG-PET/CT Brain: In the case of no central nervous system symptoms, examination for brain metastasis is not required.
* The subject (or legally acceptable representative if applicable) provides written informed consent for the trial.
* Have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 1.
* Have adequate organ function as defined in the protocol. Specimens must be collected within 10 days prior to the start of study treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects who has a positive urine pregnancy test within 72 hours prior to registration
* Has diagnosed as inflammatory breast cancer.
* Has received prior therapy with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-PD-L2 agent or with an agent directed to another stimulatory or co-inhibitory T-cell receptor .
* Has received a live vaccine or live-attenuated vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of study drug.
* Is currently participating in or has participated in a study of an investigational agent or has used an investigational device within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study intervention.
* Has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving chronic systemic steroid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of study drug.
* Has a history of a second malignancy, unless potentially curative treatment has been completed with no evidence of malignancy for 2 years.
* Has severe hypersensitivity (≥Grade 3) to pembrolizumab and investigational drugs used in this study and/or any of their excipients.
* Has active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years
* Has a history of (non-infectious) pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease .
* Has an active infection requiring systemic therapy.
* Has a known history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.
* Has a known history of Hepatitis B (defined as Hepatitis B surface antigen \[HbsAg\] reactive) or known active Hepatitis C virus (defined as HCV RNA \[qualitative\] is detected) infection.
* Has a known history of active TB (Bacillus Tuberculosis).
* Has a history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality.
* Has known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with cooperation with the requirements of the trial.
* Is pregnant or breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive or father children.
* Has had an allogenic tissue/solid organ transplant.
* Has received pre-treatment with Olaparib or other PARP inhibitors.
* Has significant cardiovascular disease
* Has a resting electrocardiogram (ECG) indicating uncontrolled, potentially reversible cardiac conditions.
* Subject has myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or with features suggestive of MDS/AML.
* Subject received colony-stimulating factors within 28 days prior to the first dose of study intervention.
* Subject is considered a poor medical risk due to a serious, uncontrolled medical disorder, non-malignant systemic disease or active, uncontrolled infection.
* Is either unable to swallow orally administered medication or has a gastrointestinal disorder affecting absorption.
* Is, in the judgement of the investigator, unlikely to comply with the study procedures, restrictions, and requirements of the study.
* Is currently receiving either strong or moderate inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 that cannot be discontinued for the duration of the study.
* Is currently receiving either strong or moderate inducers of CYP3A4 that cannot be discontinued for the duration of the study.

Where this trial is running

Gifu, Gifu and 2 other locations

• Gifu University Hospital — Gifu, Gifu, Japan (Recruiting)
• Okayama University Hospital — Okayama, Japan (Recruiting)
• St. Luke's International Hospital — Tokyo, Japan (Recruiting)

Study contacts

• Principal investigator: Yuko Takahashi, MD., PhD. — Assistant Professor, Endocrinological Center, Okayama University Hospital
• Study coordinator: Yuko Takahashi, MD., PhD.

Conditions Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms; Triple Negative Breast Cancer; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Cancer; BRCA1 Mutation; BRCA2 Mutation; BRCA Mutation; BRCA-Associated Breast Carcinoma