Gingival Phenotype and Dental Crowding in Children

Is this trial a fit for you?

A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.

What this trial studies

This observational study investigates the relationship between gingival phenotype and dental crowding in pediatric patients. It examines buccal-lingual gingival thickness, keratinized tissue width, and underlying bone morphology to understand how these factors influence periodontal stability during orthodontic movement. The study includes children aged 5 to 16 attending pediatric dentistry or orthodontics clinics and combines orthodontic and periodontal assessments to identify potential preventive strategies. By focusing on the mixed dentition period, the research aims to inform interceptive approaches that may limit mucogingival defects. No interventional hypotheses are stated; the work is exploratory and descriptive in nature.

Why it matters

Who can join: the full rules

Inclusion Criteria:

* Pediatric patients attending the Pediatric Dentistry and/or Orthodontics clinic (consultation and/or outpatient appointment).
* Parents and/or legal guardians have signed the informed consent for participation in the study.
* Age between 5 and 16 years.
* Clinical dentition criteria by group:

Group 1 (Primary Dentition): Presence in the mandibular arch of deciduous teeth from canine to canine. Group 2 (Early Mixed Dentition): Presence in the mandibular arch of at least two permanent mandibular incisors, fully erupted (incisal edge at occlusal level) or partially erupted (≥50% of the crown), with no clinical attachment loss, and healthy gingiva or mild gingivitis (Gingival Index, GI ≤ 1). Group 3 (Late Mixed Dentition): Presence in the mandibular arch of all four permanent mandibular incisors fully erupted (incisal edge at occlusal level), with no clinical attachment loss, and healthy gingiva or mild gingivitis (GI ≤

1). Group 4 (Permanent Dentition): Presence in the mandibular arch of all four permanent mandibular incisors fully erupted (incisal edge at occlusal level), with no clinical attachment loss, and healthy gingiva or mild gingivitis (GI ≤ 1).

Exclusion Criteria:

Patient-related:

* Parents and/or legal guardians have not signed the informed consent.
* Patients who are not sufficiently cooperative to allow a routine dental examination.
* Non-cooperative patients, including those with special needs.
* Children with systemic diseases or undergoing medication that affects gingival tissues.
* Patients who have already undergone orthodontic treatment or are currently undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Tooth-related:

* Presence of dental agenesis or dental anomalies.
* Dental sites with mucogingival problems.

Where it's running

• Clinica Odontostomatologica - Fondazione Policlinico IRCSS A. Gemelli
  Roma, Italy Recruiting

Study contacts

• Principal investigator: Patrizia Gallenzi — Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
• Study coordinator: Patrizia Gallenzi
• Email: patrizia.gallenzi@unicatt.it
• Phone: +39 0630156358

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How to take part

1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
2. Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
3. Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.