Comparing two therapies for insomnia in veterans with traumatic brain injury

CoMBat Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive-Behavioral vs. Mindfulness-Based Treatment for TBI-Related Insomnia and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms

Not applicable Interventional Johns Hopkins University · NCT05663034

This study is testing whether online therapy for insomnia or mindfulness techniques can help veterans with brain injuries sleep better and feel less depressed.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment360 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorJohns Hopkins University Academic / other
Locations5 sites (Eglin Air Force Base, Florida and 4 other locations)
Trial IDNCT05663034 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This study compares the effectiveness of telemedicine-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and mindfulness-based treatment for insomnia (MBTI) in treating insomnia and depressive symptoms in adults with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) and comorbid post-traumatic stress symptoms. A total of 360 participants will be randomized to receive either CBT-I or MBTI over six sessions, with assessments conducted at baseline, post-treatment, and at 2, 6, and 12 weeks after treatment. The primary outcome will be measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), while secondary outcomes will include pre-sleep arousal and depressive symptoms. Participants will also wear actigraph monitors and complete electronic sleep diaries throughout the study.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are current or former members of the uniform services with mild to moderate TBI and chronic insomnia symptoms.

Not a fit: Patients with significant neurological diseases other than TBI or severe sleep apnea may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could provide effective non-pharmacological treatments for insomnia and related symptoms in veterans with TBI.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have shown promising results for both CBT-I and mindfulness-based interventions in treating insomnia, suggesting potential success for this approach.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Current or former member of the uniform services
2. Meet the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) Department of Defense (DoD) criteria for TBI;
3. Time duration since traumatic brain injury (TBI) injury \>90 days
4. Insomnia symptom duration \>90 days
5. Endorse insomnia symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index \[ISI\] score \> 10)
6. Display sufficient cognitive capacity to provide informed consent (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Z-score \> -2)
7. \>18 years of age
8. Access to and ability and to use computer.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of neurological diseases other than TBI and not attributable to TBI
2. Sleep apnea \[apnea hypopnea index (AHI) \>15; individuals with mild apnea (AHI \> 5 and \<15) will be informed, but allowed to participate\]. Participants who use a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device for sleep apnea will be eligible for participation if they are below the apnea/hypopnea cutoff while using CPAP, are adherent to using the device (\> 4 hours/night 21/30 consecutive days) and agree to continue using the device during study participation.
3. Lastly, people using psychotropic medications may be included if they are on a stable dosage for the last three weeks prior to the study.

Where this trial is running

Eglin Air Force Base, Florida and 4 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Traumatic Brain InjuryInsomniaDepressionPost-traumatic StressSleepMemory ImpairmentCognitive Behavioral TherapyConcussion, Brain
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.