Chemotherapy with or without Tocilizumab for certain types of breast cancer
Official title: A Pragmatic Phase II Trial of Chemotherapy +/- Tocilizumab for Metastatic Triple Negative and ER-positive, HER2-negative Breast Cancers
Run by Indiana University · NCT05846789 · Data updated 2026-11-12
This study is testing if adding a drug called tocilizumab to standard chemotherapy helps people with certain types of advanced breast cancer feel better compared to just chemotherapy alone.
Quick facts
| Phase | Phase 2 |
|---|---|
| Study type | Interventional |
| Ages | 18 Years and up |
| Sex | All |
| Enrollment | 168 (estimated) |
| Sponsor | Indiana University Academic / other |
| Drugs / interventions | tocilizumab, chemotherapy, radiation, methotrexate |
| Locations | 7 sites (Atlanta, Georgia and 6 other locations) |
| Status | Recruiting |
| Started | July 2, 2024 |
| Main results expected | December 2027 |
| Study ends | December 2027 |
| Registry record updated | September 3, 2026 |
| Trial ID | NCT05846789 on ClinicalTrials.gov |
Is this trial a fit for you?
✓Likely a good fit
Ideal candidates are adults aged 18 and older with locally recurrent or metastatic triple negative or ER-low breast cancer who have had minimal prior chemotherapy.
✕Probably not a fit
Patients with tumors that are PD-L1 positive and have not previously been treated with an immune checkpoint inhibitor may not benefit from this study.
A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.
What this trial studies
This randomized Phase II study compares standard of care chemotherapy alone to chemotherapy combined with tocilizumab in patients with metastatic triple negative or estrogen-receptor-low breast cancer. The trial employs a two-stage Bayesian optimal design, initially enrolling 42 patients (21 per treatment arm) to assess treatment efficacy. If the combination therapy does not show sufficient benefit, the trial may be stopped early. The study aims to include both Black and non-Black patients to evaluate potential racial differences in treatment response.
Why it matters
Potential benefit: If successful, this study could provide a new treatment option that enhances the effectiveness of chemotherapy for patients with aggressive breast cancer types.
How similar studies have gone: Other studies have shown promise in combining targeted therapies with standard chemotherapy, suggesting potential for success in this approach.
Who can join: the full rules
Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
1. ≥ 18 years old at the time of informed consent
2. Ability to provide written informed consent and HIPAA authorization
3. Locally recurrent (not amenable to local therapy with curative intent) or metastatic breast cancer that is triple negative or ER-positive (ER and PR ≤ 1% weak staining)
4. For patients with TNBC
1. Received up to 2 prior therapies for metastatic disease
2. Prior (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy will be considered one line of therapy for metastatic disease in patients who recur while on or within 12 months of completion of (neo)adjuvant therapy.
3. Patients with TNBC whose tumors are PD-L1+ (CPS \> 10) must have had prior exposure to an immune checkpoint inhibitor in the metastatic setting.
4. Patients who received (neo)adjuvant IO therapy and progress while on or within 12 months of completion of (neo)adjuvant IO therapy may participate without additional IO treatment.
5. Patients with major contraindications to immune therapy, may participate without IO exposure regardless of PD-L1 status in the first line setting.
6. PD-L1 status is not required for patients beyond the first line setting.
7. Participation in this protocol as either first, second and third-line therapy is allowed
5. For patients with ER- positive, HER2-negative breast cancer
1. Must have received prior hormone therapy + CDKi in the adjuvant or metastatic setting. There is no limit on the number of prior hormone therapy regimens.
2. May have received up to 3 prior chemotherapies for metastatic disease.
3. Prior (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy will be considered one line of therapy for metastatic disease in patients who recur while on or within 12 months of completion of (neo)adjuvant therapy.
4. Participation in this protocol as either first, second, third, or fourth-line therapy is allowed
6. Planned standard of care chemotherapy based on NCCN guidelines.
1. Single agent therapy is preferred but use of combination regimens considered SOC by NCCN is allowed.
2. Chemotherapy delivered via a SOC antibody-drug conjugate is allowed but ADCs may not be used in combination with other chemotherapy agents.
7. Measurable disease based on RECIST 1.1 criteria.
8. ECOG PS 0 or 1
9. Patients with treated, asymptomatic CNS disease may participate if the patient is \> 4 weeks from completion of CNS therapy (radiation and/or surgery), is clinically stable at the time of study entry, and is receiving stable or decreasing dose of corticosteroids. Brain MRI or head CT is required at screening for patients with known brain metastases.
10. Adequate organ function as indicated by:
1. Total bilirubin \< ULN (except in patients with documented Gilbert's disease, who must have a total bilirubin \< 3.0 mg/dL)
2. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) \< 5.0 x ULN
3. Creatinine clearance of \> 50 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault formula
4. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \> 1.2 K/mm3
5. Platelets \> 75 K/ mm3
6. Hgb \> 9.0 g/dL
11. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test within 14 days of protocol registration. Women are considered to have childbearing potential (regardless of sexual orientation, having undergone a tubal ligation, or remaining celibate by choice) unless they meet one of the following criteria:
1. Has undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or
2. Has been naturally amenorrheic for at least 24 consecutive months.
12. Women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use effective contraception throughout the study and for 6 months after the last study treatment.
NOTE: Acceptable methods of birth control include abstinence, partner with previous vasectomy, placement of an intrauterine device (IUD), condom with spermicidal foam/gel/film/cream/suppository, diaphragm or cervical vault cap, or hormonal birth control (pills or injections).
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Prior treatment with or known contraindication to treatment with tocilizumab biosimilar or other IL-6/IL-6R targeted agent
2. Active infection requiring parenteral antibiotics
3. Concurrent use of methotrexate or systemic corticosteroids other than stable or decreasing doses for management of CNS involvement
4. Active or symptomatic CNS disease
5. Patients with HER2+ disease Note: HER2 will be considered positive if scored 3+ by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or 2+ by IHC associated with a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) ratio of \> 2.0 or \> 6 total HER2 gene copies per cell.
6. Patients with active malignancy other than breast cancer. Patients with prior malignancies without recurrence after standard treatment will not be excluded
7. Radiation therapy within 2 weeks of registration
8. Hormone therapy within 2 weeks of registration
9. Planned treatment with Olaparib or other PARP inhibitor.
Where it's running
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Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia, United States Recruiting -
IU Health Joe and Shelly Schwarz Cancer Center
Carmel, Indiana, United States Recruiting -
Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
Indianapolis, Indiana, United States Recruiting -
Sidney and Lois Eskenazi Hospital
Indianapolis, Indiana, United States Recruiting -
University of Kentucky-Lexington
Lexington, Kentucky, United States Recruiting -
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
Buffalo, New York, United States Recruiting
Show 1 more location
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Duke University
Durham, North Carolina, United States Recruiting
Study contacts
- Principal investigator: Kathy Miller, MD — Indiana University
- Study coordinator: Xin Bryan, RN
- Email: zhongx@iupui.edu
- Phone: 317-274-5495
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How to take part
- Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
- Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
- Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.