Understanding genetic effects on response to oral semaglutide in type 2 diabetes

GLUCOSE-MGH: Genetic Links Understood Through Challenge With Oral Semaglutide Exposure at MGH

PHASE4 · Massachusetts General Hospital · NCT06003153

This study is testing how different genes affect how well people with type 2 diabetes respond to the oral medication semaglutide.

Quick facts

PhasePHASE4
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment125 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 65 Years
SexAll
SponsorMassachusetts General Hospital (other)
Locations1 site (Boston, Massachusetts)
Trial IDNCT06003153 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This research evaluates how genetic variations influence the response to oral semaglutide, a medication for type 2 diabetes. Participants will undergo a mixed meal tolerance test before and after a 14-day treatment with oral semaglutide, allowing researchers to measure changes in blood factors such as sugars, fats, and proteins. The study aims to uncover the biochemical mechanisms behind the drug's effectiveness and its relationship to type 2 diabetes pathophysiology.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are males or non-pregnant females aged 18-50 with normal glycemia to pre-diabetes.

Not a fit: Patients currently on diabetes medications or those with certain medical histories, such as intestinal malabsorption or pancreatitis, may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to more personalized treatment approaches for individuals with type 2 diabetes based on their genetic profiles.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown promise in understanding genetic influences on drug responses, making this approach both relevant and potentially impactful.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Males or non-pregnant females
2. Ages 18-65 (inclusive)
3. Able/willing to give consent
4. Span the metabolic range between normal glycemia and pre-diabetes (fasting glucose of 100-125 mg/dL based on chart review of existing laboratory data)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Currently taking medications or intending to take medications for diabetes
2. Currently taking medications or intending to take medications that affect glycemic parameters, such as glucocorticoids, growth hormone, or fluoroquinolones
3. Personal history of intestinal malabsorption, bariatric surgery, celiac disease, gallbladder disease, or pancreatitis
4. Personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
5. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 per the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation
6. History of cirrhosis and/or aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase more than 3x upper limit of normal
7. Dietary restrictions preventing consumption of a MMTT
8. Women who are pregnant, nursing, or at risk of becoming pregnant
9. Participation in other interventional studies during the current study

Where this trial is running

Boston, Massachusetts

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: Genetic Predisposition, Metabolic Diseases, Type 2 Diabetes

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.