Transpyloric versus gastric feeding for premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Pilot Trial Comparing Transpyloric to Gastric Feeding in Very Preterm Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Not applicable Interventional Children's Hospital of Philadelphia · NCT06534359

This trial will see if feeding premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia directly into the small intestine (transpyloric) versus into the stomach reduces reflux and episodes of low oxygen.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment60 (estimated)
Ages1 Month to 12 Months
SexAll
SponsorChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia Academic / other
Locations3 sites (Palo Alto, California and 2 other locations)
Trial IDNCT06534359 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

Premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia who require positive airway pressure and full tube feedings are randomly assigned to receive either transpyloric or gastric tube feeding for two weeks. Participants undergo a 24-hour esophageal pH-multichannel intraluminal impedance (pH-MII) recording before and after the two-week feeding period to measure gastroesophageal reflux frequency and severity. The study compares changes in reflux on pH-MII and tracks clinical outcomes including episodes of hypoxemia and serious adverse events, with at least 20 ventilated infants included for endotracheal biomarker testing. No experimental drugs are given; the focus is on different feeding routes and their short-term effects on reflux and respiratory stability.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Infants born before 32 weeks who are now 36–65 weeks postmenstrual age with grade 1–3 BPD, on positive airway pressure, and receiving full gastric tube feedings are the intended participants.

Not a fit: Infants who recently had transpyloric feedings, are using gastric acid suppression or GI promotility drugs, have prior gastric surgery or bowel resection, or who are not on full enteral feeds are unlikely to be eligible or to receive benefit from this protocol.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, transpyloric feeding could reduce reflux-related oxygen dips and respiratory complications, potentially helping infants spend less time on respiratory support.

How similar studies have performed: Smaller studies and clinical reports in neonatal and pediatric populations suggest transpyloric feeding can reduce reflux episodes, but randomized data specifically in BPD infants are limited.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Birth \<32 weeks' gestation
2. Current postmenstrual age of 36-65 weeks
3. Grade 2-3 bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD: treatment with positive airway pressure at 36 weeks' PMA) or grade 1 BPD (treatment with ≤2L/min flow nasal cannular at 36 weeks' PMA) with subsequent need for prolonged positive airway pressure and full enteral tube feedings
4. Treatment with positive airway pressure (high flow nasal cannula, non-invasive positive airway pressure, or invasive ventilation) at enrollment

(4) Full gastric tube feedings (≥100mL/kg/d) at the time of enrollment (5) Parental consent to participate

Note: At least 20 infants receiving invasive ventilation will be enrolled to enable endotracheal biomarker testing.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Transpyloric feedings received within 7d of enrollment
2. Use of a gastric acid suppression, GI promotility drug, or caffeine within 7d of enrollment
3. History of gastrostomy tube placement, gastric fundoplication, or bowel resection resulting in short gut with contraindication to transpyloric feeding
4. Plan to wean off positive airway pressure (for non-intubated subjects) or to be extubated to non-invasive support (for subjects receiving invasive ventilation) within the 2wk trial
5. Known intolerance to transpyloric feeding
6. Persistent \>20% endotracheal tube leak (for intubated subjects only)
7. Active treatment with an investigational therapy as part of another interventional trial
8. severe congenital or genetic abnormality that adversely affects GI or cardiopulmonary function

Where this trial is running

Palo Alto, California and 2 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Bronchopulmonary DysplasiaGastroesophageal Reflux
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.