T-cell therapy for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

CurePML - Allogeneic HPyV-2-specific T-cell Therapy in Patients With Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Phase 2 Interventional Hannover Medical School · NCT06990087

This trial will test whether human allogeneic HPyV-2-specific T cells are safe and can improve neurological function, quality of life, and survival in adults with recent PML.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 2
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment23 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorHannover Medical School Academic / other
Drugs / interventionsnatalizumab, CAR T, chemotherapy
Locations6 sites (München, Bavaria and 5 other locations)
Trial IDNCT06990087 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This phase 2 interventional trial will give adults with recent HPyV-2–positive PML up to three doses of human allogeneic HPyV-2-specific T-lymphocytes (one fresh dose at baseline and two cryopreserved doses at weeks 2 and 6). The donor-derived T-cell apheresis concentrates are targeted to HPyV-2 and are administered to see if they are safe and produce neurologic, quality-of-life, or survival benefits beyond current care. Eligible patients are adults (≥18) with PML diagnosed within 60 days and HPyV-2 detected in CSF or brain biopsy, while several causes of PML (including HIV- and natalizumab-associated cases) and other serious comorbidities are excluded. This is the first controlled trial using this specific T-cell approach and aims to generate standardized safety and early efficacy data beyond small compassionate-use reports under ICH-GCP.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults (≥18) with recent (≤60 days) HPyV-2–positive PML who meet the inclusion criteria and do not have excluded causes (e.g., HIV or natalizumab-associated PML) are the ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with HIV-associated PML, natalizumab-associated PML, PML shortly after stem-cell transplant or CAR-T therapy, chronic lymphocytic leukemia–related PML, ongoing chemotherapy, or severe concurrent infections are unlikely to benefit from this protocol.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this therapy could help clear HPyV-2 from the brain, improve neurological function and quality of life, and increase survival for people with PML.

How similar studies have performed: Only small case series and compassionate-use reports have suggested possible benefit from HPyV-2–specific T cells, so this controlled trial represents a novel and needed step.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults\* aged ≥ 18 years with PML (diagnosed ≤ 60 days before screening) associated with one or more of the following risk factors: lymphoproliferative diseases, immunosuppressive therapy, or lymphopenia
* Signed written informed consent from subject and/or legal representative
* HPyV-2 detection in CSF by PCR analysis or in brain biopsy

Exclusion Criteria:

* PML caused by HIV
* PML caused by natalizumab
* PML occurring within five 5 years after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation or CAR T cell therapy, or resulting from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
* Patients who are unable to follow the study protocol, either on their own or with the support of a reliable representative, will be excluded
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
* Currently receiving chemotherapy
* Present (within 2 weeks before screening visit) and continuous treatment with immune checkpoint inhibition therapy
* Severe infections other than PML (e.g. sepsis, pneumonia)
* Hypersensitivity to any of the components of the medications used
* Inability to undergo MRI examination (e.g. implanted incompatible medical devices, claustrophobia)
* Participation in another clinical trial (other investigational drugs or devices at the time of enrolment or within 30 days prior to enrolment)

Where this trial is running

München, Bavaria and 5 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.