Semaglutide versus calorie restriction for adults with type 2 diabetes

A Study on the Impact of Semaglutide Compared to Energy Restriction on Type 2 Diabetes Combined With Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease and Its Molecular Mechanisms

Phase 4 Interventional Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University · NCT07272343

This study will test whether 12 weeks of semaglutide injections or a reduced-calorie diet better improves blood sugar, weight, liver fat, and inflammation in adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 4
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment100 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 75 Years
SexAll
SponsorSecond Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Academic / other
Locations1 site (Jiangxi, Nanchang)
Trial IDNCT07272343 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This phase 4 interventional study compares 12 weeks of subcutaneous semaglutide injections with a concurrent energy-restricted dietary program in adults recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Eligible participants are 18–75 years old with BMI ≥25 kg/m², HbA1c ≤8.5%, diabetes duration ≤3 months, and no prior antihyperglycemic medications. Key outcomes include glycemic control, weight loss, inflammatory markers, liver fat content, measures of subcutaneous and visceral fat, and exploratory molecular mechanism analyses. The single-center study is conducted at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University with scheduled follow-up visits to monitor treatment effects.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults 18–75 years old with BMI ≥25 kg/m², newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (≤3 months), HbA1c ≤8.5%, not currently on antihyperglycemic drugs, and willing to follow the treatment plan and attend follow-up visits.

Not a fit: Patients with BMI <25, longer-standing diabetes, HbA1c >8.5%, prior bariatric surgery, recent weight-loss treatment, or current use of excluded diabetes medications are different from the enrolled population and may not benefit from these findings.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the results could show whether starting semaglutide early gives greater short-term improvements in blood sugar, weight, liver fat, and inflammation than calorie restriction alone.

How similar studies have performed: Large trials have shown GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide and calorie restriction each improve glycemic control and weight, but direct short-term head-to-head comparisons in newly diagnosed patients are limited.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-75 years;
2. BMI≥25 kg/m²;
3. Diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus patients according to the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China (2020 Edition)";
4. HbA1c≤8.5%;
5. Duration of diabetes ≤3 months, and no use of antihyperglycemic drugs;
6. Willing to participate in this study, and after full informed consent, agrees to strictly follow the treatment plan and promises to attend follow-up visits on time, and signs the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. BMI \< 25 kg/m²;
2. Age \< 18 years, or \> 75 years;
3. History of type 1 diabetes, acute pancreatitis, or diabetes secondary to pancreatectomy;
4. History of bariatric surgery or planned bariatric surgery, or currently attempting weight loss within the past 3 months, or use of weight-loss medications within the past 3 months;
5. Use of GLP-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, or other related drugs within the past 3 months;
6. Pregnant or breastfeeding women, or those planning to conceive during the study period;
7. Patients with severe diseases of important organ systems, such as severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, renal insufficiency, hematologic diseases, neurological diseases, or malignancies;
8. Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma;
9. Patients with severe mental disorders or communication barriers that prevent accurate understanding of the study content and compliance with the trial procedures.

Where this trial is running

Jiangxi, Nanchang

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Type 2 Diabetes MellitusSemaglutideCaloric Restrictionsemaglutide
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.