Mindfulness‑augmented brain stimulation for treatment‑resistant depression

Mindfulness Engaged Neurostimulation for Depression

Phase 2 Interventional University of California, San Diego · NCT07512284

This trial will test whether combining fast brain stimulation (iTBS) with a digital mindfulness program helps people with treatment‑resistant depression reduce symptoms and improve thinking.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 2
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment120 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 65 Years
SexAll
SponsorUniversity of California, San Diego Academic / other
Locations1 site (San Diego, California)
Trial IDNCT07512284 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This phase 2 randomized controlled trial compares intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) plus digital mindfulness training to iTBS with an active control training in adults with treatment‑resistant major depression. The primary outcome is suppression of posterior Default Mode Network (pDMN) activity measured by electroencephalography (EEG), with secondary outcomes of cognitive performance and depressive symptom change (MADRS). Participants must have a current major depressive episode, at least one failed adequate antidepressant trial, and moderate-to-severe symptoms. Treatment sessions and outcome assessments are delivered in person at UC San Diego with participants randomized to one of two arms.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults with a DSM‑5 major depressive episode who have failed at least one adequate antidepressant trial, have a MADRS score >19, and can provide informed consent are the intended participants.

Not a fit: People with active psychosis, current suicidal behavior, a seizure disorder, unstable medical conditions, or who are pregnant or breastfeeding are unlikely to be eligible and may not receive benefit.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the combined iTBS plus mindfulness approach could raise remission rates above those typically seen with rTMS alone and improve cognitive functioning in people with treatment‑resistant depression.

How similar studies have performed: rTMS and iTBS are FDA‑approved for treatment‑resistant depression with remission rates around 30%, but combining iTBS with digital mindfulness to target pDMN activity is novel and has limited prior direct evidence.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of major depressive episode (MDE, in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5), in the context of unipolar major depressive disorder.
* At least one failed antidepressant medication trial at level 3 in the Antidepressant -Treatment History Form: Short Form (ATHF-SF) classification.
* Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Score \>19 (moderate - severe depression).
* No increase or initiation of new antidepressant therapy in the four weeks prior to screening.
* Demonstrated capacity to give informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to provide informed consent.
* Medically unstable patients.
* Concomitant neurological disorder or a history of a seizure disorder.
* Exhibiting current suicidal behavior rating on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)
* Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
* Any psychotic disorder or current active psychotic symptoms.
* Patients who have intracranial implants, other medical device or condition deemed unsafe for TMS.
* Contraindication to MRI scanning.

Where this trial is running

San Diego, California

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions DepressionTreatment Resistant DepressionMajor Depressive DisorderDepressive DisorderDepressive Symptoms
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.