Metformin to protect the optic nerve in glaucoma

Metformin as a Neuroprotective Therapy for Glaucoma - A Randomized Controlled Trial

Phase 2 Interventional The University of Hong Kong · NCT05426044

This trial will test whether taking metformin twice daily helps slow optic nerve thinning and vision loss in adults with primary open‑angle glaucoma who are still progressing despite controlled eye pressure.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 2
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment125 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorThe University of Hong Kong Academic / other
Locations1 site (Wong Chuk Hang)
Trial IDNCT05426044 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled Phase 2 trial enrolling about 125 adults with primary open‑angle glaucoma who show progressive RNFL or GCIPL thinning. Participants are randomly assigned 1:1 to oral metformin 750 mg twice daily (1500 mg/day) or matching placebo, with investigators and patients blinded to assignment. Clinical exams include Goldmann applanation tonometry, OCT RNFL/GCIPL imaging, and visual field testing at screening, baseline, and follow‑up visits, with all procedures performed at the HKU Eye Centre. The trial excludes patients with diabetes, significant kidney or liver disease, pathological myopia, or other eye/neurologic conditions that could confound measurements.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults (≥18) with primary open‑angle glaucoma, best corrected visual acuity ≥20/40, IOP ≤24 mmHg, and documented progressive RNFL or GCIPL thinning on OCT over the past three years who do not have diabetes, kidney or liver disease are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with diabetes, kidney or liver disease, pathological myopia, other optic nerve or retinal disorders, cognitive impairment, or those unable to produce reliable OCT or visual field tests are excluded and unlikely to benefit from this trial.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, metformin could slow optic nerve degeneration and reduce vision loss in glaucoma patients independent of lowering intraocular pressure.

How similar studies have performed: Observational and preclinical data suggest metformin may reduce risk of age‑related neurodegenerative disease and glaucoma progression, but randomized clinical evidence for neuroprotection in glaucoma is limited and this approach remains relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* age ≥18 years
* best corrected VA ≥20/40
* IOP ≤24mmHg at the screening and baseline visits
* progressive RNFL and/or GCIPL thinning by TPA or GPA over the past 3 years in at least one eye.

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients with DM, kidney or liver diseases
* pathological myopia
* cognitive impairment (e.g. Alzheimer's disease)
* diseases that may cause visual field loss or optic disc abnormalities other than glaucoma
* inability to perform reliable visual field
* suboptimal quality of OCT images.

Both eyes of a patient will be included in the analysis if both eyesare eligible for inclusion.

Where this trial is running

Wong Chuk Hang

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions GlaucomaMetforminNeuroprotectionNeuroenhancement
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.