Long-term outcomes of pegylated interferon alfa-2b in families with clustered hepatitis B and high risk of cirrhosis or liver cancer

Real-world Study Evaluating the Long-term Outcomes of Pegylated Interferon α-2b Treatment in the Families With Clusters of HBV Infection and Unfavorable Prognosis - A Prospective, Controlled, Multicenter, Cohort Study

Observational First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University · NCT07079150

This study will try pegylated interferon alfa-2b to see if it improves long-term outcomes for people with chronic hepatitis B from families where cirrhosis or liver cancer affects two generations.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Enrollment1500 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 70 Years
SexAll
SponsorFirst Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Academic / other
Locations2 sites (Xi'an, Shaanxi and 1 other locations)
Trial IDNCT07079150 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a prospective, controlled, multicenter real-world cohort following people with chronic hepatitis B from families that show clustering of poor outcomes across generations. Participants treated with pegylated interferon alfa-2b will be followed and compared with appropriate control patients (for example, those on nucleos(t)ide analogues or usual care) to track virologic response, disease progression, and safety. The study will collect clinical events such as development of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma, laboratory measures, and adverse effects over the long term. Results aim to reflect outcomes in routine clinical practice rather than a randomized clinical trial setting.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are people with chronic hepatitis B from families with infection across two consecutive generations and at least one relative diagnosed with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma, who have HBsAg positivity for more than six months and no contraindications to interferon.

Not a fit: Patients already diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma, other systemic tumors, or who have contraindications to interferon are unlikely to benefit from this treatment approach in the study context.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the findings could help identify whether pegylated interferon alfa-2b lowers the long-term risk of cirrhosis or liver cancer in high-risk family clusters of chronic hepatitis B.

How similar studies have performed: Pegylated interferon alfa has shown antiviral and functional-cure benefits in some chronic hepatitis B studies, but applying it specifically to family clusters with unfavorable prognoses is relatively novel and not well established.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Meet the criteria for a family cluster of unfavorable prognoses associated with HBV infection: that is, patients with HBV infection in two consecutive generations of blood relatives, and at least one patient with cirrhosis or HCC in two or more generations of blood relatives;
* Chronic HBV-infected individuals from families with unfavorable prognoses clustering (meeting either (1)+(2) or (1)+(3) criteria): (1) Positive for HBsAg for more than 6 months; (2) Treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs); (3) Compensated cirrhosis due to hepatitis B (for details, see the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (2022 Edition)");
* A negative pregnancy test within 24 hours before the first administration of medication in the treatment group (for women of childbearing age);
* No contraindications for interferon treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients diagnosed with liver cancer or other systemic tumors before treatment;
* Patients with contraindications to Peg IFN α-2b use (for details, see the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (2022 Edition)");
* Peripheral blood counts: WBC \< 3.0 × 10\^9/L, PLT \< 70 × 10\^9/L;
* Liver function: ALT \> 5 × upper limit of normal (ULN), TBIL \> 2 × ULN; Individuals planning to receive organ transplantation or who have already undergone organ transplantation;
* Those allergic to interferon or with any contraindication listed in the product information;
* Any other conditions deemed unsuitable for enrollment by the investigator.

Where this trial is running

Xi'an, Shaanxi and 1 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Hepatitis B, ChronicHepatitis BHepatitis B Virushepatitis Bfamily clusterinterferonantiviral therapycirrhosis
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.