Investigating gut health and nutrition in malnourished Bangladeshi women

Small Intestinal Microbiota of Low Body Mass Index (BMI) & Normal BMI Women of Reproductive Age and Microbiota-directed Balanced Energy Protein (MD-BEP) Supplementation in Maternal Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED)

Not applicable Interventional International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh · NCT05862363

This study is testing how gut health affects malnourished women in Bangladesh and whether a special nutrition plan can improve their health during pregnancy.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment180 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 35 Years
SexFemale
SponsorInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh Academic / other
Locations1 site (Dhaka, Dhaka Division)
Trial IDNCT05862363 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This study focuses on understanding the role of gut microbiota in Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED) among malnourished women of reproductive age in Bangladesh. It involves a comparative assessment of the microbiomes and proteomes of low and normal BMI women, followed by an intervention using microbiota-directed balanced energy protein (MD-BEP) for pregnant women with low BMI. The study aims to identify potential biomarkers for EED and evaluate the effects of nutritional interventions on gut health and overall physiological state. Participants will undergo endoscopic evaluations and provide biological samples throughout the study.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates include Bangladeshi women aged 18-35 with a BMI of less than 18.5 kg/m2 or normal BMI between 20-24.9 kg/m2, who are willing to participate in the study.

Not a fit: Patients who are not Bangladeshi women or those with a BMI outside the specified ranges may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to improved nutritional interventions for malnourished women, enhancing their health and that of their children.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown promise in understanding gut microbiota's role in malnutrition, but this specific approach is relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

Inclusion criteria for pregnant low-BMI women

1. Bangladeshi female, age 18-35 years
2. BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2
3. Middle-upper socioeconomic class (≥ $11/day family income)
4. Functional dyspepsia
5. Willing to sign the consent form
6. Willing to provide biological samples during the study period of 6 months

Inclusion criteria for non-pregnant low-BMI women 1. Bangladeshi female, age 18-35 years

1. BMI \<18.5 kg/m2
2. No antibiotics for 1 month
3. Willing to sign the consent form
4. Willing to undergo endoscopy and biopsy
5. Willing to provide biological samples during the study period of 6 months
6. Willing to receive food supplementation for 3 months

Inclusion criteria for normal-BMI non-pregnant women

1. Bangladeshi female, age 18-35 years
2. BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2
3. Middle-upper socioeconomic class (≥ $11/day family income)
4. Functional dyspepsia
5. Willing to sign the consent form
6. Willing to provide biological samples during the study period of 6 months

Inclusion criteria for normal-BMI pregnant women

1. Bangladeshi female, age 18-35 years
2. BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2
3. Middle-upper socio-economic class (≥ $11/day family income)
4. Enrolled at the end of first-trimester of pregnancy (before 14 weeks of gestation)
5. Willing to sign the consent form
6. Willing to undergo endoscopy and biopsy
7. Willing to provide biological samples during the study period
8. Willing to let anthropometry and biological sample collection from her newborn for the first 6 months of life

Exclusion Criteria:

Exclusion criteria for pregnant low-BMI women

1. Received antibiotics during the last one month
2. Presence of any chronic disease including diabetes mellitus or any congenital disorder or deformity
3. Ongoing episode of diarrhea, history of persistent diarrhea in the past month or history of acute diarrhea in the past 7 days

Exclusion criteria for non-pregnant low-BMI women

1. Severe anemia (\<8 g/dl), TB and other chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, urogenital infections or any congenital disorder or deformity
2. Pregnancy, lactation, drug abuse, known psychiatric disorders
3. High clinical suspicion of cancer or other chronic or acute diseases that may cause malnutrition. Adult participants who fulfill the inclusion criteria and are not excluded through history and clinical examination will undergo following screening tests based on clinical judgement:

   1. Chest x-ray
   2. Urine for R/E
   3. Ultrasonography of whole abdomen
   4. Fasting blood glucose/ HbA1c
   5. Stool for OBT (occult blood test)
   6. Cancer markers (ie. CEA, CA 15.3, CA 19.9)
4. Known allergy to any components of nutrition intervention
5. Nugent Score/Amsel Criteria to exclude bacterial vaginosis: A Nugent score 3-4 is consistent with Bacterial vaginosis (BV). The modified Amsel criteria with a cut-off value of 2 (pH+VD; sensitivity 71%, specificity 90%, accuracy 88% or KOH+VD; sensitivity 75%, specificity 91%, accuracy 89%) might be considered for this purpose20.
6. Ongoing episode of diarrhea, history of persistent diarrhea in the past month or history of acute diarrhea in the past 7 days

Exclusion criteria for non-pregnant normal-BMI women

1. Received antibiotics during the last one month
2. Presence of any chronic disease including diabetes mellitus or any congenital disorder or deformity
3. Ongoing episode of diarrhea, history of persistent diarrhea in the past month or history of acute diarrhea in the past 7 days

Exclusion criteria for pregnant normal-BMI women

1. Multiple pregnancy (carrying two or more fetuses)
2. Threatened abortion, persistent pervaginal bleeding, or cervical incompetence
3. History of three or more consecutive abortions
4. History of gestational diabetes, macrosomia, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia/eclampsia in a prior pregnancy
5. Active disease/complications requiring acute phase treatment in a hospital
6. Tuberculosis
7. Severe anemia (Hb concentration \< 8 mg/dl)
8. Antibiotic use (ongoing or within last two weeks before the onset of intervention)
9. Taking medications such as insulin, thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids
10. Chronic diseases, such as hypertension, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, pancreatic diseases, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction, immunological diseases, malignancy, or any congenital disorder or other diseases which could impede compliance with the study protocol
11. Known case of serious psychiatric or behavioral disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder
12. Having known history of allergy to the therapeutic agents
13. Having a plan to move or deliver outside the study area
14. Known allergy to any components of nutrition intervention.

Where this trial is running

Dhaka, Dhaka Division

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Environmental Enteric DysfunctionMalnutritionWomen of Reproductive AgeGut MicrobiotaBalanced Energy ProteinBalanced energy proteinEnvironmental enteric dysfunctionGut microbiota
Last reviewed 2026-06-10 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.