How patterned magnetic pulses (cTBS) change brain wiring in depression

Synaptic Mechanisms of Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation in Depression

Early Phase 1 Interventional Mclean Hospital · NCT07560878

This study tests whether a patterned magnetic brain stimulation called continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS), with and without short-acting drugs, changes synaptic signaling and brain responses in people with major depression.

Quick facts

PhaseEarly Phase 1
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment80 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorMclean Hospital Academic / other
Locations1 site (Belmont, Massachusetts)
Trial IDNCT07560878 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This early-phase trial uses transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with EEG (TMS-EEG) and pharmacologic probes to probe how cTBS alters synaptic function in people with moderate to severe major depressive disorder. Investigators compare two mechanistic hypotheses: that cTBS produces long-term depression (LTD)-like weakening of glutamatergic synapses, or that it increases GABAergic inhibition. The protocol uses drug challenges (D-cycloserine, memantine, lorazepam) and a sham TMS condition to isolate neurotransmitter-specific effects while recording cortical responses. Results will map drug-modulated TMS-EEG signatures to infer synaptic mechanisms that underlie cTBS effects in depression.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults with moderate to severe major depressive disorder who are on a stable medication regimen, have no contraindications to TMS or the study drugs, and are not currently receiving TMS, ECT, or ketamine.

Not a fit: People with a history of seizures, major neurological or intracranial pathology, unstable medications, active high-risk suicidality, or inability to tolerate TMS are unlikely to benefit or to be eligible.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the results could help tailor cTBS protocols and drug combinations to make brain stimulation more effective and predictable for people with depression.

How similar studies have performed: Prior human motor-cortex studies have shown that NMDAR antagonists can block cTBS-induced inhibition, supporting an NMDA/glutamate role, while direct tests of GABAergic contributions to cTBS in depression remain limited.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Can safely receive TMS and study drugs
* Stable medication regimen for one month prior to study participation, and for the duration of the study
* Not currently receiving TMS, ECT, or ketamine
* No active safety concerns related to suicidality
* Moderate to severe Major Depressive Disorder as indicated by the Patient Health Questionnaire or Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of seizures or epilepsy
* History of intracranial pathology or lesions from any etiology
* History of traumatic brain injury including prolonged loss of consciousness more than 15 min
* Signs of increased intracranial pressure
* Any major neurological conditions (ex: recent stroke, tumor, neurodegenerative disorders, etc.)
* Major medical conditions that may cause a medical emergency in case of a provoked seizure (cardiac malformation, cardiac dysrhythmia, asthma, etc.)
* Severe migraines that may result in treatment intolerance.
* Inability to tolerate MRI.
* Pregnancy
* Known allergic reaction to d-cycloserine, baclofen, memantine, or lorazepam

Where this trial is running

Belmont, Massachusetts

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Major DepressionTMSEEGTMS-EEGDepressionPharmacologic Augmentation
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.