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Hematopoietic cell transplantation using mismatched unrelated donors for leukemia treatment

A Multi-Center, Phase II Trial of HLA-Mismatched Unrelated Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation With Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide for Patients With Hematologic Malignancies

PHASE2 · Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research · NCT04904588

This study is testing a new way to treat leukemia in adults and children by using stem cells from unrelated donors to see if it helps them get better.

Quick facts

PhasePHASE2
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment300 (estimated)
Ages1 Year and up
SexAll
SponsorCenter for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (network)
Drugs / interventionschemotherapy, cyclophosphamide
Locations40 sites (Duarte, California and 39 other locations)
Trial IDNCT04904588 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This Phase II clinical trial investigates the effectiveness of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) using human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched unrelated donors in treating adults and children with various types of acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. The study employs post-transplant cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil for graft versus host disease prophylaxis. Participants will receive a conditioning regimen that may include busulfan, fludarabine, and total-body irradiation, depending on their age and health status. The trial aims to assess how well this treatment works in patients with hematologic malignancies.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults aged 18-66 or children with specific acute leukemias or myelodysplastic syndromes who meet the eligibility criteria.

Not a fit: Patients with severe comorbidities or those outside the specified age range may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could provide a new treatment option for patients with difficult-to-treat hematologic malignancies.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown promise with similar approaches using mismatched donors, indicating potential for success in this area.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria 
Stratum 1 Recipient Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age \> 18 years and \< 66 years (chemotherapy-based conditioning) or \< 61 years (total body irradiation \[TBI\]-based conditioning) at the time of signing informed consent
2. Planned MAC regimen as defined per protocol
3. Available partially HLA-MMUD (4/8-7/8 at HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 is required) with age \< 35 years
4. Product planned for infusion is PBSC
5. HCT Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI) \< 5
6. One of the following diagnoses:

   1. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), or other acute leukemia in 1st remission or beyond with ≤ 5% marrow blasts and no circulating blasts or evidence of extra-medullary disease. Documentation of bone marrow assessment will be accepted within 45 days prior to the anticipated start of conditioning.
   2. Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with no circulating blasts and with \< 10% blasts in the bone marrow (higher blast percentage allowed in MDS due to lack of differences in outcomes with \< 5% or 5-10% blasts in MDS). Documentation of bone marrow assessment will be accepted within 45 days prior to the anticipated start of conditioning.
7. Cardiac function: Left ventricular ejection fraction \> 45% based on most recent echocardiogram or multigated acquisition scan (MUGA) results
8. Estimated creatinine clearance \> 60 mL/min calculated by equation
9. Pulmonary function: diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) corrected for hemoglobin \> 50% and forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) predicted \> 50% based on most recent pulmonary function test results
10. Liver function acceptable per local institutional guidelines
11. Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of \> 70%
12. Subjects ≥ 18 years of age or legally authorized representative must have the ability to give informed consent according to applicable regulatory and local institutional requirements.

Stratum 2 Recipient Inclusion Criteria

1. Age \> 18 years at the time of signing informed consent
2. Planned NMA/RIC regimen as defined per protocol
3. Available partially HLA-MMUD (4/8-7/8 at HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 is required) with age \< 35 years
4. Product planned for infusion is PBSC
5. One of the following diagnoses:

   1. Patients with acute leukemia or chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with no circulating blasts, no evidence of extramedullary disease, and with \< 5% blasts in the bone marrow. Documentation of bone marrow assessment will be accepted within 45 days prior to the anticipated start of conditioning.
   2. Patients with MDS with no circulating blasts and with \< 10% blasts in the bone marrow (higher blast percentage allowed in MDS due to lack of differences in outcomes with \< 5% or 5-10% blasts in MDS.) Documentation of bone marrow assessment will be accepted within 45 days prior to the anticipated start of conditioning.
   3. Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or other leukemias (including prolymphocytic leukemia) with chemosensitive disease at time of transplantation
   4. Patients with lymphoma with chemosensitive disease at the time of transplantation
6. Cardiac function: Left ventricular ejection fraction \> 45% based on most recent echocardiogram or MUGA results with no clinical evidence of heart failure
7. Estimated creatinine clearance \> 60 mL/min calculated by equation
8. Pulmonary function: DLCO corrected for hemoglobin \> 50% and FEV1 predicted \> 50% based on most recent pulmonary function test results
9. Liver function acceptable per local institutional guidelines
10. KPS of \> 60%
11. Subjects ≥ 18 years of age or legally authorized representative must have the ability to give informed consent according to applicable regulatory and local institutional requirements.

Stratum 3 Recipient Inclusion Criteria

1. Age \> 1 years and \< 21 years at the time of signing informed consent
2. Partially HLA-MMUD (4/8-7/8 at HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 is required) with age \< 35 years
3. Product planned for infusion is BM
4. Planned MAC regimen as defined per protocol
5. One of the following diagnosis:

   1. AML in 1st remission or beyond with ≤ 5% marrow blasts, no circulating blasts or evidence of extra-medullary disease. Pre-transplant MRD testing will be performed as per standard of practice at the treating institution. Patients with any MRD status are eligible and should be enrolled at the discretion of provider. Documentation of bone marrow assessment will be accepted within 45 days prior to the anticipated start of conditioning.
   2. Patients MDS with no circulating blasts and less than 10% blasts in the bone marrow. Documentation of bone marrow assessment will be accepted within 45 days prior to the anticipated start of conditioning.
   3. ALL in 1st remission or beyond with ≤ 5% marrow blasts, no circulating blasts, or evidence of extra-medullary disease. Pre-transplant MRD testing will be performed as standard practice at the treating institution with the goal of achieving MRD of \<0.01%. Patients with any MRD status are eligible and should be enrolled at the discretion of provider. Documentation of bone marrow assessment will be accepted within 45 days prior to the anticipated start of conditioning.
   4. Other leukemia (mixed-phenotype acute leukemia \[MPAL\], CML, or other leukemia) in morphologic remission with ≤ 5% marrow blasts and no circulating blasts or evidence of extramedullary disease. Documentation of bone marrow assessment will be accepted within 45 days prior to the anticipated start of conditioning.
   5. Chemotherapy sensitive lymphoma in at least partial remission (PR)
6. KPS or Lansky performance score ≥ 70%
7. Cardiac function: Left ventricular ejection fraction of ≥ 50% and shortening fraction of ≥ 27% based on most recent echocardiogram
8. Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) of ≥ 60ml/min/1.73m2 measured by nuclear medicine scan or calculated from a 24 hour urine collection
9. Pulmonary function: DLCO corrected for hemoglobin, FEV1, and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) of ≥50% if able to perform pulmonary function tests. If unable to perform pulmonary function tests, must have a resting pulse oximetry of \>92% without supplemental oxygen.
10. Hepatic: Total bilirubin ≤ 2.5 mg/dL and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \< 3x the upper limit of normal
11. Legal guardian permission must be obtained for subjects \< 18 years of age. Pediatric subjects will be included in age appropriate discussion in order to obtain assent.
12. Subjects ≥ 18 years of age or legally authorized representative must have the ability to give informed consent according to applicable regulatory and local institutional requirements.

Donor Inclusion Criteria:

1. Must be unrelated to the subject and high-resolution HLA-matched at 4/8, 5/8, 6/8, or 7/8 (HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1)
2. Donor must be typed at high-resolution for a minimum of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1, and -DPB1
3. Age \> 18 years and \< 35 years at the time of signing informed consent
4. Meet the donor registries' medical suitability requirements for PBSC or BM donation
5. Must undergo eligibility screening according to current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requirements. Donors who do not meet one or more of the donor screening requirements may donate under urgent medical need.
6. Must agree to donate PBSC (or BM for stratum 3)
7. Must have the ability to give standard (non-study) informed consent according to applicable donor regulatory requirements

Recipient Exclusion Criteria (Strata 1, 2 and 3):

1. Suitable HLA-matched related or 8/8 high-resolution matched unrelated donor available
2. Subject unwilling or unable to give informed consent, or unable to comply with the protocol including required follow-up and testing
3. Primary myelofibrosis or myelofibrosis secondary to essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, or MDS with grade 4 marrow fibrosis
4. Subjects with a prior allogeneic HSC transplant
5. Subjects with an autologous HSC transplant within the past 3 months
6. Females who are breast-feeding or pregnant
7. Uncontrolled bacterial, viral or fungal infection at the time of the transplant preparative regimen
8. Concurrent enrollment on other interventional GVHD clinical trial (enrollment on supportive care trials may be allowed after discussion with Principal Investigators)
9. Subjects who undergo desensitization to reduce anti-donor HLA antibody levels prior to transplant.
10. Patients who are HIV+ with persistently positive viral load. HIV-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial.

Donor Exclusion Criteria:

1. Donor unwilling or unable to donate
2. Recipient positive anti-donor HLA antibodies against a mismatched HLA in the selected donor determined by the presence of donor specific HLA antibodies (DSA) to any mismatched HLA allele/antigen at any of the following loci (HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, DRB3, DRB4, DRB5, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPA1, -DPB1) with median fluorescence intensity (MFI) \>3000 by microarray-based single antigen bead testing. In patients receiving red blood cell or platelet transfusions, DSA evaluation must be performed or repeated post-transfusion and prior to donor mobilization and initiation of recipient preparative regimen.

Where this trial is running

Duarte, California and 39 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute Myelogenous Leukemia, Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, Acute Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Lymphoma

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.