First-line immunotherapy and PD-L1 testing for metastatic melanoma in Slovenia

Efficacy of Immunotherapy in the First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma in Slovenia and Predictive Value of PD-L1 Expression in Tumor and Blood

Not applicable Interventional Institute of Oncology Ljubljana · NCT07422779

This study will see if first-line immunotherapy (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, or ipilimumab plus nivolumab) works for adults in Slovenia with metastatic melanoma and whether PD-L1 measurements predict who responds.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment100 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorInstitute of Oncology Ljubljana Academic / other
Drugs / interventionspembrolizumab, nivolumab, ipilimumab, immunotherapy
Locations1 site (Ljubljana)
Trial IDNCT07422779 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This single-center study at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana enrolls adults with unresectable stage IIID or stage IV metastatic melanoma who are starting first-line systemic immunotherapy (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, or ipilimumab plus nivolumab). Researchers will collect tumor tissue and blood samples to measure PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, PD-L1 on immune-cell surfaces, and exosomal PD-L1 miRNA, and will correlate these biomarkers with radiographic response and survival. Baseline imaging (CT or PET-CT within 4 weeks) and regular clinical follow-up will track treatment response and immune-related adverse events. The study excludes patients with prior systemic melanoma therapy, significant immune suppression, active autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment, or poor performance status.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults (≥18) with cytologically or histologically confirmed unresectable stage IIID or stage IV metastatic melanoma, ECOG 0–2, who are starting first-line pembrolizumab, nivolumab, or ipilimumab plus nivolumab are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with prior systemic therapy for melanoma, ECOG 3–4, active autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment, ongoing immunosuppression, or another active malignancy are unlikely to benefit or are excluded.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the study could help tailor immunotherapy by identifying PD-L1–related biomarkers that predict which patients are more likely to benefit.

How similar studies have performed: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are established treatments for metastatic melanoma, but PD-L1 as a predictive biomarker has shown mixed results and exosomal PD-L1 miRNA remains exploratory.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥18 years
* Cytologically or histologically confirmed metastatic malignant melanoma
* Stage IIID unresectable or stage IV (AJCC 8th edition)
* ECOG performance status 0-2
* First-line systemic immunotherapy (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, or ipilimumab/nivolumab)
* CT/PET-CT performed within 4 weeks prior to treatment start
* Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous systemic therapy for melanoma
* ECOG performance status 3-4
* Contraindications to immunotherapy (immune deficiency, active immunosuppressive therapy, or active autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment)
* Other active malignancy (except cured basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or other solid tumors without recurrence \>3 years)

Where this trial is running

Ljubljana

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Metastatic MelanomaSkin CancerImmunotherapyImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.