Comparing automatic vs. as-needed follow-up care for children after hospitalization

The Follow-up Automatically vs. As-Needed Comparison Trial

Not applicable Interventional University of Utah · NCT05471908

This study tests whether regular follow-up visits for kids after being in the hospital can help them stay healthy and avoid going back to the hospital, compared to only seeing a doctor when needed.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment2674 (estimated)
AgesN/A to 18 Years
SexAll
SponsorUniversity of Utah Academic / other
Locations14 sites (Phoenix, Arizona and 13 other locations)
Trial IDNCT05471908 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This trial evaluates the effectiveness of automatic follow-up visits versus as-needed (PRN) follow-up for children discharged from the hospital after treatment for common infections like pneumonia and urinary tract infections. The study aims to determine if automatic follow-ups reduce hospital readmissions and improve continuity of care, while also considering the potential burdens on families such as missed work and transportation costs. Children under 18 years old who have been hospitalized for specific infections will be randomly assigned to either follow-up approach, with outcomes measured in terms of readmission rates and child health-related quality of life.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are children under 18 who have been hospitalized for pneumonia, urinary tract infections, soft tissue infections, or gastroenteritis.

Not a fit: Patients with complex chronic diseases, those requiring surgical intervention, or who have a scheduled follow-up visit within 7 days will not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to more patient-centered follow-up care that reduces unnecessary hospital visits and associated costs for families.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have explored follow-up care strategies, but this specific comparison of automatic versus PRN follow-up is relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \<18 years at the time of randomization
* Hospitalization due to a primary diagnosis of pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infection, acute gastroenteritis, or urinary tract infection.
* Parent speaks English or Spanish.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of a comorbid disease that is both chronic and complex
* Principal disease required surgical intervention (beyond superficial incision and drainage)
* Immunodeficiency
* A well-child check-up or post-hospitalization follow-up visit is already scheduled within 7 days of hospital discharge
* Parent or participant strongly prefers PRN or automatic follow-up
* A medical provider feels strongly that a post-hospitalization follow-up visit is needed within 7 days of hospital discharge
* Sibling concurrently hospitalized
* Unable to identify a clinic where the participant would receive any needed post-hospitalization follow-up
* Diagnosis of pneumonia complicated by:

  o Receiving a chest tube
* Diagnosis of urinary tract infection complicated by:

  * History of neurogenic bladder or urologic surgery
  * Renal imaging anticipated within 7 days of hospital discharge
  * Renal abscess
* Diagnosis of skin and soft tissue infection complicated by:

  * Chronic wound
  * Postoperative infection
  * Predisposition to poor wound healing
  * Discharging with a drain in place
  * Complicated by necrotizing fasciitis or toxic shock syndrome
* Diagnosis of gastroenteritis complicated by:

  * Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Where this trial is running

Phoenix, Arizona and 13 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions PneumoniaUrinary Tract InfectionsSoft Tissue InfectionsGastroenteritispost-hospitalizationfollow-up carepatient centered carerandomized control trial
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.