COMPARE — Newer IBD treatments in children

Clinical Outcomes of Medications Post Anti-TNF: Researching Effectiveness in Pediatric IBD

Observational University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill · NCT07198113

This project compares the safety and effectiveness of newer IBD medicines for children with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis who did not respond to anti‑TNF treatment.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Enrollment1100 (estimated)
Ages1 Year to 18 Years
SexAll
SponsorUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Academic / other
Drugs / interventionsvedolizumab, ustekinumab, risankizumab, guselkumab, mirikizumab, tofacitinib, upadacitinib
Locations4 sites (Chapel Hill, North Carolina and 3 other locations)
Trial IDNCT07198113 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

COMPARE is a multicenter observational cohort study with both prospective and retrospective components that enrolls children under 18 with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis who are anti‑TNF refractory. Participants starting non‑anti‑TNF biologics or small molecules (including IL‑23 agents, vedolizumab, ustekinumab, and JAK inhibitors) will be followed during routine care. Patient‑reported outcome surveys are collected at baseline, every two months for the first year, and every six months in years two and three, with clinical data drawn from medical records. The primary analyses compare the two most frequently used drug classes in each cohort, and secondary analyses include any class with at least 50 initiators.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Children under 18 with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis who have had no response or lost response to one or more anti‑TNF agents and are starting one of the listed newer biologic or small‑molecule therapies are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients who are adults, who have previously used the comparator agent, or who plan to change their care center within a year are unlikely to be eligible or to gain from the study's comparative analyses.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could help clinicians choose the safest and most effective non‑anti‑TNF treatments for children with IBD who failed anti‑TNF therapy.

How similar studies have performed: Similar observational and registry studies in adults and small pediatric cohorts have reported effectiveness for agents like ustekinumab and vedolizumab, but direct head‑to‑head pediatric comparisons remain limited.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \< 18 years at study enrollment
* Diagnosis of CD, UC, or IBD-U by standard diagnostic criteria
* Prior non-response or loss of response to one or more anti-TNF agents
* Planning to initiate treatment with any of the following comparator agents: vedolizumab (α4β7 integrin antibody), ustekinumab (anti-IL-12/23 antibody), risankizumab, guselkumab, or mirikizumab, (IL-23 inhibitors), tofacitinib (JAK inhibitor), and upadacitinib (JAK inhibitor). Biosimilars or generic medications for any of the above will also be allowed and handled/analyzed in an identical manner to originators.
* Ability to provide child assent, if required per regulatory or local institutional guidelines, and parental informed consent in English or Spanish

Exclusion Criteria:

* Plans to change care to a different center within 1 year
* Prior use of a comparator agent (i.e., only patients starting their first comparator medication as monotherapy following anti-TNF will be eligible)
* Contraindication to any of the treatments under investigation
* Patients with UC or IBD-U who have undergone colectomy
* Patients with current ostomy

Where this trial is running

Chapel Hill, North Carolina and 3 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Ulcerative Colitis, PediatricInflammatory Bowel DiseasesCrohn DiseaseUlcerative colitis, pediatricInflammatory bowel disease, pediatricIBDCDUC
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.