Chemoablation versus bladder resection with adjuvant chemotherapy for recurrent Ta low-grade bladder tumors

Chemoablation Or Bladder Resection With Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Recurrent Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

PHASE4 · Aarhus University Hospital · NCT06781879

This study will test whether a dose-dense Mitomycin C chemoablation approach (with adjuvant BCG for non-responders) works better than standard TURBT plus intravesical therapy for adults with small recurrent Ta low-grade bladder tumors.

Quick facts

PhasePHASE4
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment272 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorAarhus University Hospital (other)
Drugs / interventionsradiation
Locations8 sites (Aalborg and 7 other locations)
Trial IDNCT06781879 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a randomized, multicenter trial comparing dose-dense intravesical Mitomycin C chemoablation (with adjuvant BCG for those who do not respond) against standard transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) followed by adjuvant intravesical therapy in patients with recurrent Ta low-grade bladder cancer. The trial builds on the pivotal NICSA results and uses a patient-tailored approach to improve long-term outcomes and confirm prior findings. Eligible patients have small (<2 cm) recurrent Ta low-grade tumors and will be randomized to one of the two treatment pathways, with standardized follow-up to measure recurrence rates over time. The primary focus is on durable recurrence reduction while capturing safety and functional bladder outcomes.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults (≥18) with recurrent Ta low-grade bladder tumors smaller than 2 cm, able to consent, without prior invasive disease or CIS and without prior MMC/BCG exposure beyond single post‑TURBT instillations are the ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with a history of invasive bladder cancer (T1+), carcinoma in situ, tumors >2 cm or suspicious for invasion, bladder neck/urethral tumors, prior pelvic radiation, active cystitis, or who are pregnant are unlikely to benefit from this protocol.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could lower long-term recurrence rates and spare some patients from repeated surgical resections.

How similar studies have performed: A prior pivotal NICSA trial supported by the Danish Cancer Society showed promising results and prompted initial changes in European guidelines, so this trial is a follow-up to confirm and extend those findings.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Tumour recurrence after previous urothelial tumour of Ta low-grade
* Tumours smaller than 2 cm in diameter
* Negative urine cytology (optional)
* ≥18 years of age
* Ability to understand and comprehend the provided written and oral information
* Has provided written consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Known history of invasive tumour of the bladder (T1+)
* Known history of CIS of the bladder
* Previous MMC or BCG-treatment except for single instillations following previous TURBTs
* Known allergy or intolerance to MMC
* Solid tumour with suspicions of invasion
* Tumour in the bladder neck or urethra
* Suspicion of CIS (positive cytology with high-grade neoplastic cells combined with suspicious flat lesions seen at cystoscopy)
* Small bladder volume (less than 100 ml) or incontinence
* Prior radiation therapy to the pelvic area, as radiation affects the bladder function and instillation therapy is a suboptimal treatment for this patient group
* Acute cystitis
* Pregnancy or breast-feeding
* Averse to using secure contraception with regard to men with partners and premenopausal women

Where this trial is running

Aalborg and 7 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, Recurrence, Ta low.grade, Chemoablation

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.