Blood enzyme changes and heart risk after bevacizumab eye injections

Is this trial a fit for you?

A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.

What this trial studies

This is an observational comparison of patients who have received repeated intravitreal bevacizumab injections and healthy volunteers, using blood tests to measure paraoxonase 1 (PON1), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities. Participants are adults aged 55 and older with macular edema from diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, or age-related macular degeneration who have had at least two bevacizumab injections, while controls are healthy volunteers without ocular disease other than cataract. Key exclusions include chronic inflammatory or infectious disease, prior cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, and other ocular conditions such as glaucoma or uveitis that could affect results. All testing is conducted at a single center with blood draws performed for biochemical analysis and comparison between groups.

Why it matters

Who can join: the full rules

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 55 years.
* Ability to provide written informed consent.
* Patient group: Diagnosis of macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, or age-related macular degeneration, and having received repeated intravitreal bevacizumab injections (≥2 doses).
* Control group: Healthy volunteers with no ocular pathology other than cataracts and not receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Chronic inflammatory disease.
* Chronic infectious disease.
* History of cardiovascular disease (e.g., coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmia requiring treatment).
* History of cerebrovascular disease (e.g., stroke, transient ischemic attack).
* Any additional ocular pathology that may affect the study outcomes (other than the index retinal condition in the patient group and cataract in the control group), such as:

glaucoma

uveitis

retinal dystrophies

significant media opacity preventing adequate ocular evaluation

\- Use of systemic medications or conditions known to affect cholinesterase activity markedly

Where it's running

• Ataturk University Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology
  Erzurum, Erzurum, Turkey (Türkiye) Recruiting

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How to take part

1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
2. Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
3. Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.