How sex differences affect vaccine responses

mTOR activation as a mechanism for sex differences in vaccine-induced immunity

NIH-funded research Johns Hopkins University · NIH-10997676

This study is looking at how being male or female affects how well vaccines work, especially for the flu, by exploring how hormones like estrogen might help women produce more antibodies; the goal is to find ways to make vaccines even better for everyone.

Quick facts

Grant typeFellowship grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionJohns Hopkins University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Baltimore, United States)
Project IDNIH-10997676 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This research investigates how biological sex influences the immune response to vaccines, particularly focusing on the differences observed between females and males after influenza vaccination. It aims to understand the role of estrogens in enhancing antibody production in females, which may be linked to the activation of a cellular pathway known as mTOR. By studying B cell activation and energy metabolism, the research seeks to uncover the mechanisms behind these sex differences in vaccine-induced immunity. The findings could lead to improved vaccine strategies tailored to different sexes.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates for this research include adult females aged 18-49 who are receiving vaccinations, particularly for influenza.

Not a fit: Patients who are not within the specified age range or who are male may not benefit directly from this research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this research could lead to more effective vaccines that are tailored to enhance immune responses in both males and females.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have shown that sex differences significantly impact vaccine responses, indicating that this research builds on established findings rather than exploring entirely untested territory.

Where this research is happening

Baltimore, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.