Using N-acetylcysteine to treat patients with a specific mitochondrial mutation and low brain glutathione levels

A Multiple Ascending Phase 1 Dose Study of N-acetylcysteine in the Treatment of Patients With the m.3243A>G Mutation and Low Brain Glutathione Levels

Phase 1 Interventional Columbia University · NCT05241262

This study is testing if different doses of N-acetylcysteine can help improve brain function in people with a specific mitochondrial mutation and low levels of a brain chemical called glutathione.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 1
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment18 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 80 Years
SexAll
SponsorColumbia University Academic / other
Locations1 site (New York, New York)
Trial IDNCT05241262 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This clinical trial investigates the effects of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, on brain glutathione levels in patients with the m.3243A>G mitochondrial mutation. Participants will receive varying doses of NAC (1800, 3600, or 5400 mg per day) over three months to assess safety and potential efficacy. The study aims to determine the optimal dose that may improve cognitive and motor skills by reducing toxic levels in the brain. Data collected will inform future trials on the effectiveness of NAC for this patient population.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults aged 18-80 with low brain glutathione levels and confirmed m.3243A>G mitochondrial mutation.

Not a fit: Patients with normal brain glutathione levels or those who are pregnant or lactating may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this treatment could enhance cognitive and motor skills in patients with mitochondrial disease by improving brain glutathione levels.

How similar studies have performed: While the use of NAC has been explored in other contexts, this specific application for the m.3243A>G mutation is novel and has not been extensively tested.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Ages 18-80 years
* Low brain glutathione (GSH) levels as determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI)
* Individuals who carry, or are suspected of carrying the m.3243A\>G mitochondrial mutation (genetic confirmation of mutation required prior to initiation of NAC)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals with normal brain glutathione levels
* Pregnant or lactating individuals
* Medically unstable as determined by the Principal Investigator
* Allergy to NAC or other sulfur-containing drug
* Inability to adhere to study protocol

Where this trial is running

New York, New York

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Mitochondrial Diseasem.3243A>GMELASdiabetesdeafness
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.