Testing a new tissue engineering device for breast reconstruction after cancer surgery

Inclusion Criteria:

Criteria related to pathology:

* Female patient over 18 Years old
* Patient who required autologous breast reconstruction:

  * Immediate unilateral reconstruction after total mastectomy for early-stage breast cancer
  * Breast reconstruction after unilateral preventive total mastectomy
  * or delayed unilateral reconstruction after total mastectomy for early-stage breast cancer with a tissue expander implantation
  * or conversion from implant-based to autologous reconstruction: Patient who had a breast implant during a previous reconstruction after total mastectomy for cancer, and who needs to change it.
* For patient with active cancer: Patient with early-stage cancer (stage 0, I or II, with tumor size \< 50mm, without lymph-node involvement) needing oncological management that does not required radiotherapy after surgery on the breast area or on the flap donor site
* Patient who required Nipple sparing (NSM) or Skin sparing mastectomy (SSM) with a unique surgical approach (same for mastectomy and implant) insertion; or implant removal for patient undergoing autologous conversion, or expender removal for patient undergoing differed reconstruction.
* Autologous reconstruction using Lateral Intercostal Perforator (LICAP) flap or an intercostal thoracic artery perforation flap (LTAP) if oncological conditions do not allow for LICAP harvesting.
* Patient medically fit for surgery without significant comorbidities
* Breast cup-size less than D
* Body mass index \>20 kg/m2 or patient for whom sufficient flap volume is expected according to surgeon's assessment
* Adequate hematopoietic functions

Criteria related to population:

* Subjects who have given free, informed and written consent to participate in the study;
* Patient able to answer questionnaires, able to communicate in the language of the study country;
* Subjects affiliated to a social security schema or entitled to a social security scheme.

Non-inclusion Criteria:

Pathology related criteria:

* Patient undergoing bilateral reconstruction
* Patient undergoing bilateral preventive mastectomy
* Patient undergoing simultaneous contralateral breast reduction, mastopexy, and augmentation
* Previous history of radiotherapy on the breast area or on the flap donor site
* Previous history of breast or axillary surgery that does not allow fat flap dissection
* Presence of pacemaker or metallic prosthesis making patient unsuitable for MRI
* Body mass index \>30 kg/m2
* Taking medication for weight loss at the time of inclusion visit
* Presence of major medical conditions that may compromise patient's health and healing
* Diabetes and a history of gestational diabetes
* Active smoking
* Microangiopathy, Vascular history and all systemic disease (systemic Raynaud's disease)
* Patient with intertrigo or infection or alteration of the surgical site confirmed pre-operatively by clinical examination
* Allergy to anesthetics or contrast media
* Immunocompromised patient (HIV) or patient used immunosuppressants

Population related criteria

* Pregnant patient
* or breastfeeding patient or woman who has nursed a child three months within inclusion
* Participation in a clinical trial in the 3 months prior to the initial visit
* Predicted unavailability during study.
* Patient deprived of liberty or under guardianship.
* Patient unable to give consent

Medical device related criteria

* Allergy to any of the components of the medical device.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

* Positive or suspicious extemporaneous sentinel node biopsy
* Non integrity of LICAP and LTAP vessels, showed by the pre-operative doppler
* Patient not yet implanted with MATTISSE®, whose cancer stage will finally require radiotherapy treatment