Study of genetic and clinical aspects of RASopathies in children and adults

Clinical, Genetic, and Epidemiologic Study of Children and Adults With RASopathies

This study is testing how genetic and clinical factors in people with RASopathies can help us understand their health risks and improve cancer screening for both children and adults.

Quick facts

• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 500 (estimated)
• Ages: 1 Month to 99 Years
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) (NIH)
• Locations: 2 sites (Bethesda, Maryland and 1 other locations)
• Trial ID: NCT04888936 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This observational study aims to investigate RASopathies, a group of genetic disorders that can lead to developmental issues and an increased risk of cancer. Participants of any age with a RASopathy or those at risk will provide medical history, blood, urine, and saliva samples for genetic testing. The study will also include physical exams and potential skin biopsies to better understand the incidence of cancer and other manifestations associated with these conditions. The goal is to inform cancer screening recommendations and enhance understanding of RASopathy-related health issues.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates include individuals of any age diagnosed with a RASopathy or those at risk for such conditions.

Not a fit: Patients without a clinical diagnosis of a RASopathy or those not at risk for these genetic conditions may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to improved early detection and prevention strategies for cancer and other health issues in individuals with RASopathies.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown success in understanding genetic disorders and their implications, but this specific focus on RASopathies is relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

* INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Carriers: An individual who meets any of the following criteria will be eligible to participate in this study:

* Individuals with a clinical diagnosis of a RASopathy, including Costello syndrome, Noonan syndrome, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, Legius syndrome, capillary arteriovenous malformation syndrome, or others, are eligible. Published clinical diagnostic criteria exist for most of the clinical RASopathy syndromes and differ by syndrome. It will be uncommon for individuals to have a clinical diagnosis and not have had molecular genetic testing. All individuals considered by the study team to be at risk for a RASopathy who have not had prior genetic testing will have this completed as part of the study. The rare individuals with a clinical diagnosis of a RASopathy who are not found to carry a corresponding pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in a known RASopathy gene will be considered for exome analysis for identification of potentially novel RASopathy germline variation.
* Individuals with a germline variant (P/LP or a variant of uncertain significance but predicted bioinformatically to be damaging) in a RASopathy-associated gene are eligible. These include but are not limited to: BRAF, CBL, HRAS, KRAS, LZTR1, MAP2K1,

MAP2K2, MAP3K8, MRAS, NRAS, PPP1CB, PTPN11, RAF1, RASA1, RASA2, RIT1, RRAS, SHOC2, SOS1, SPRED1. From herein, we refer to 1) individuals with germline pathogenic variation in a RAS pathway gene AND 2) individuals with a clinical RASopathy diagnosis but in whom a genetic variant has not yet been identified as "carriers." The first member of a family to be identified is termed a "proband."

* Individuals with NF1 only are not eligible for the study. However, individuals with a dual diagnosis of both NF1 and another RASopathy (via genetic testing and/or clinical diagnosis) are eligible for the study.
* All types and amounts of prior therapies are allowed.
* There is no age restriction.
* There is no restriction related to organ and marrow function.
* Each carrier (or their appropriate surrogate if the carrier is unable) must sign an IRB-approved document of informed consent to demonstrate their understanding of the investigational nature and the risk of this study before any protocol-related studies are

performed.

Controls: Family members of carriers are eligible for enrollment. Genetic testing in a CLIA-certified lab will be offered to these blood-related family members to establish whether or not a variant may be segregating in a family with incomplete penetrance. As most of the RASopathy syndromes are sporadic, extensive testing and enrollment of extended family members (grandparents, aunts, uncles) will likely not be necessary in many pedigrees. Family members who have undergone genetic testing for the proband s RAS variant and do not harbor it (or non-blood-related family members) are controls. Carriers and controls in this study are referred to as "participants," "individuals," or "patients."

* All types and amounts of prior therapies are allowed.
* There is no age restriction.
* There is no restriction related to organ and marrow function.
* Each control (or their appropriate surrogate if the control is unable) must sign an IRB-approved document of informed consent to demonstrate their understanding of the investigational nature and the risk of this study before any protocol-related studies are

performed.

Research Eligibility Evaluation: This is solely a function of meeting the inclusion criteria described above and not fulfilling any of the exclusion criteria below.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Carriers: An individual who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study:

* Individuals with only a diagnosis of NF1, or a newly identified germline pathogenic germline variant in NF1, and first-degree relatives of these patients are ineligible. However, individuals with a dual diagnosis of both NF1 and another RASopathy (via genetic testing and/or clinical diagnosis) are eligible for the study.
* Individuals who, in the opinion of the investigator, are not able to return for follow-up visits or obtain required follow-up studies will be excluded from participation in the NIH Clinical Center Cohort.

Controls: An individual who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study:

--Individuals who, in the opinion of the investigator, are not able to return for follow-up visits or obtain required follow-up studies will be excluded from participation in the NIH Clinical Center Cohort.

Where this trial is running

Bethesda, Maryland and 1 other locations

• National Institutes of Health Clinical Center — Bethesda, Maryland, United States (Recruiting)
• National Cancer Institute - Shady Grove — Rockville, Maryland, United States (Recruiting)

Study contacts

• Principal investigator: Douglas R Stewart, M.D. — National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Study coordinator: NCI Family Study Referrals

Conditions Costello Syndrome; Noonan Syndrome; Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome; Legius Syndrome; Capillary Arteriovenous Malformation Syndrome; RASopathy; Ras/MAPK pathway; Natural History