STEPPT: Connecting primary care patients with physical therapy

Stratified Targeted Engagement From Primary Care to Physical Therapy (STEPPT): A Pragmatic Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial

Not applicable Interventional San Diego State University · NCT07290361

This project will test whether the STEPPT program increases physical therapy referrals and attendance for Hispanic adults with neck or back pain seen at a community health center.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment17587 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorSan Diego State University Academic / other
Locations1 site (San Diego, California)
Trial IDNCT07290361 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

STEPPT is a clinic-level intervention that trains primary care providers and staff to promote physical therapy and delivers culturally tailored handouts and videos to patients. The trial uses a pragmatic stepped-wedge cluster randomized design across nine Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) clinics, with clinics transitioning from usual care to STEPPT in three steps at six-month intervals. Primary outcomes are rates of physical therapy referral and patient adherence after referral, and secondary analyses will examine implementation measures of fidelity and reach. The intervention targets improvement in access and engagement for underserved Hispanic patients with spine pain in a real-world primary care setting.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults (18+) who identify as Hispanic or non-Hispanic, present to a participating FQHC primary care clinic with a new or existing neck or back pain problem, and have signed broad consent for use of de-identified health data are eligible.

Not a fit: Patients whose spine pain is due to non-musculoskeletal causes (e.g., infection, cancer, pregnancy) or who require urgent medical intervention, or who do not receive care at the participating clinics, are unlikely to benefit from STEPPT.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, STEPPT could increase referrals and attendance to physical therapy for Hispanic patients with spine pain, improving access to conservative care and potentially reducing pain and downstream healthcare use.

How similar studies have performed: Previous work shows that primary-care to physical therapy pathways and stratified engagement can improve referral and outcomes, but the use of culturally tailored materials for underserved Hispanic populations within a stepped-wedge implementation is relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria

* 18 years or older.
* Identify as either Hispanic or Non-Hispanic ethnicity, inclusive of all races.
* Seeking care for spine pain at an Adult or Adult Walk-in primary care clinic within the participating Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC).
* New or existing spine pain problem: A new spine pain problem is defined by a new ICD code for neck or back pain added to the problem list during a visit with a primary care physician. An existing spine pain problem is defined by an existing ICD code for neck or back pain on the problem list that is associated with a physician referral for any service during the visit related to the neck or back pain problem.
* Signed a broad consent for the use of de-identified health information for research at the participating FQHC.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Spine pain associated with a non-musculoskeletal etiology (e.g., infection, cancer, urological disorders, pregnancy, etc.)
* Patients requiring urgent medical intervention (e.g., fracture, cauda equina syndrome, etc)
* Active physical therapy referral for spine pain at the time of the index encounter.
* Previously referred to physical therapy through the STEPPT Care Pathway.
* Physical therapy referrals external to the FQHC will be excluded from the analysis of physical therapy adherence

Where this trial is running

San Diego, California

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Low Back PainNeck PainPhysical therapyRehabilitationHispanicHeatlh ServicesHealthcare utilizationFederally Qualified Health Center
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.