Rifaximin to improve gut bacteria after allogeneic stem cell transplant for acute leukemia

Randomized Trial to Study the Effect of Rifaximin on Gut Microbiome Diversity Post Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant in Acute Leukemia.

Phase 2 Interventional Tata Memorial Centre · NCT06058572

This trial tests whether taking oral rifaximin around the time of an allogeneic stem cell transplant helps preserve healthy gut bacteria and reduces infections, graft‑versus‑host disease, and death in adults with acute leukemia.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 2
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment166 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 70 Years
SexAll
SponsorTata Memorial Centre Academic / other
Locations1 site (Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra)
Trial IDNCT06058572 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a randomized phase II study comparing oral rifaximin given around the time of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant with standard care. The trial will measure changes in gut microbial diversity as the primary endpoint and track clinical outcomes including non‑relapse mortality at one year, incidence of severe acute GVHD, multidrug‑resistant sepsis, and use of broad‑spectrum antibiotics over six months. Rifaximin is a locally acting antibiotic thought to clear pathogenic bacteria while preserving beneficial anaerobes, which may help maintain alpha diversity of the gut microbiome. The study is conducted at ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre in Navi Mumbai with peri‑transplant treatment and scheduled follow‑up and sample collection.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults with acute leukemia undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant who have ECOG performance status 0–2 and adequate liver function, and who do not have contraindications such as rifaximin allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, major bowel resection, colostomy, or interacting medications.

Not a fit: Patients with active inflammatory bowel disease, prior major bowel resection or colostomy, known hypersensitivity to rifamycins, or those taking contraindicated interacting drugs are excluded and unlikely to benefit from this intervention.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, rifaximin could help preserve gut microbial diversity and lower rates of severe GVHD, serious infections, and transplant‑related death.

How similar studies have performed: Rifaximin is established for altering the gut microbiome in hepatic disease and small observational reports suggest microbiome preservation may reduce post‑transplant complications, but randomized evidence in allogeneic stem cell transplant is limited.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults with acute leukemia undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant.
* ECOG performance status 0, 1 or 2.
* Adequate Liver function

Exclusion Criteria:

* Known hypersensitivity to rifaximin or other rifampicin antimicrobial agents
* Current or past history of inflammatory bowel disease
* History of major bowel resection or presence of colostomy.
* Ongoing Verapamil, ketoconazole or itraconazole.

Where this trial is running

Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Acute LeukemiaRifaximinGut Microbiome
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.