Removal of the primary small-intestine neuroendocrine tumor versus systemic therapy alone

Resection of the Primary Tumor vs. Systemic Treatment Alone for Patients With Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors and Unresectable Metastases: a Retrospective, Europe-wide, Pooled Cohort Study (ENETS-SurgSmInt)

Observational Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern · NCT06787014

This project tries to see if removing the main small-intestine neuroendocrine tumor helps people with incurable metastatic disease live longer or avoid future problems, compared with treating them with systemic therapy alone.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Enrollment3200 (estimated)
SexAll
SponsorInsel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern Academic / other
Locations1 site (Bern)
Trial IDNCT06787014 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This Europe-wide, observational cohort uses patient records from 2005–2021 to compare outcomes in people with small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (siNETs) and unresectable metastases who either had the primary tumor removed or received systemic treatment alone. The protocol excludes patients with high-grade (G3) tumors, resectable metastatic disease, non-resectable primaries, or initial symptoms of obstruction or bleeding to focus on asymptomatic, non-curative presentations. Investigators will perform histopathological review and use clinical variables such as liver tumor burden and mesenteric fibrosis to adjust for confounding when comparing survival, emergency complications, and later need for surgery. As a retrospective observational study, it can show associations that may inform practice but cannot definitively establish causation.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults with small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors and non-curative metastatic disease who were asymptomatic for obstruction or bleeding and had a resectable primary tumor at diagnosis between 2005 and 2021.

Not a fit: Patients with high-grade (G3) tumors, those who had symptomatic obstruction or bleeding, those with unresectable primary tumors, or those with resectable metastatic disease are excluded and therefore not represented and may not benefit from the study findings.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If results show benefit, this work could clarify whether removing the primary tumor improves survival or prevents emergency complications for asymptomatic patients with metastatic siNETs, helping guide treatment choices.

How similar studies have performed: Prior retrospective studies have reported conflicting results and been limited by mixed patient groups and confounding, so a clear benefit of primary resection in this setting remains unproven.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

\- All patients with siNET and non-curative metastatic disease between 01.01.2005 and 31.12.2021 will be included.

Exclusion Criteria:

\- All patients with siNET G3, resectable metastatic disease and/or non-resectable primary tumor at initial diagnosis will be excluded. Furthermore, symptomatic patients (small intestinal obstruction, bleeding) or when imaging suggests that obstruction will probably occur (bowel dilatation, mesenteric fibrosis) at initial diagnosis will be excluded. Patients with diarrhea, flushing, or abdominal pain will not be excluded.

Patients with a documented rejection for a further use of their data for scientific purposes will also be excluded.

Where this trial is running

Bern

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Neuroendocrine TumorsMetastasisBowel Obstruction
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.