Preventing bleeding in liver cancer patients with esophageal varices

Endoscopic Treatment Versus Propranolol for Primary Prevention of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Concomitant Esophageal Varices

PHASE4 · Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan · NCT01970748

This study tests whether a procedure called endoscopic esophageal variceal ligation or a medication called Propranolol is better at preventing bleeding in liver cancer patients with swollen veins in their esophagus.

Quick facts

PhasePHASE4
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment200 (estimated)
Ages20 Years to 80 Years
SexAll
SponsorTaipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan (other gov)
Locations1 site (Taipei)
Trial IDNCT01970748 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This clinical trial compares the effectiveness of endoscopic esophageal variceal ligation (EVL) versus non-selective beta-blocker (Propranolol) in preventing variceal bleeding in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and esophageal varices. The study aims to address the high rates of rebleeding and mortality associated with gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, particularly in patients with HCC. Participants will be randomized to receive either treatment, and their outcomes will be monitored to determine which method is more effective in reducing the risk of bleeding.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults aged 20 to 80 with hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal varices classified as F2 or F3.

Not a fit: Patients with a history of variceal bleeding or those who have received prior endoscopic treatments will not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could significantly reduce the incidence of life-threatening variceal bleeding in patients with liver cancer.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have shown varying success with similar approaches, but this specific comparison of EVL and NSBB in HCC patients is relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Between 20 and 80 years old
* Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with esophageal varices
* F2 or F3 esophageal varices (Beppu et al classification)
* Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with portal thrombosis

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of esophageal variceal bleeding
* Had received endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) or endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS)
* Pregnancy, or the patients with other terminal illness (such as other terminal cancers, heart failure, renal failure...)
* Propranolol contraindications (such as atrioventricular block, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, poorly controlled diabetes, severe peripheral arterial disease...)

Where this trial is running

Taipei

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: Bleeding Esophageal Varices, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Variceal bleeding, Portal hypertension, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Endoscopic variceal ligation, Non-selective beta-blocker

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.