Nano-sized intracanal medications to reduce periapical inflammation after root canal retreatment

Modulation of Periapical Inflammation Following Nano-Calcium Hydroxide and Nano-Chitosan Intracanal Medications in Endodontic Retreatment Cases: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Not applicable Interventional Al-Azhar University · NCT07571837

This trial tests whether nano-calcium hydroxide or nano-chitosan pastes can reduce periapical inflammation and post-operative pain in adults undergoing endodontic retreatment of single-rooted teeth.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment63 (estimated)
Ages20 Years to 40 Years
SexMale
SponsorAl-Azhar University Academic / other
Locations1 site (Cairo, Nasr City)
Trial IDNCT07571837 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

Sixty-three patients with previously treated single-rooted teeth and periapical radiolucency will be randomized into three equal groups to receive either nano-chitosan paste, nano-calcium hydroxide paste, or standard calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicament. Retreatment procedures include gutta-percha removal, standardized rotary instrumentation, irrigation, and microbiologic sampling before medicament placement. Group assignment is concealed using sequentially numbered opaque envelopes and simple randomization. Outcomes focus on periapical inflammation and post-operative pain following the intervention.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults with a single-rooted tooth that has failed prior endodontic therapy, a periapical radiolucency (PAI score 3 or 4), and no current pain or swelling are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with systemic disease, recent antibiotic use, pregnancy or lactation, non-restorable or fractured teeth, immature roots, resorption, sinus tract, or multi-rooted cases are unlikely to benefit from enrolling.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, these nano-formulations could reduce inflammation and pain after retreatment and promote better periapical healing compared with standard calcium hydroxide.

How similar studies have performed: Laboratory and some animal studies suggest nano-calcium hydroxide and chitosan have improved antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, but clinical evidence in humans remains limited.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

Patients have single rooted teeth with root canal form type I. Have previous endodontic therapy with failure. Have periapical radiolucency (PAI score of 3 or 4). Asymptomatic patients who had no pain or swelling, had a negative response to palpation and percussion.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients who had received antibiotic therapy within the past 3 months. Pregnancy and lactation. Systemic disease. Physical or mental disability. Non-restorable teeth. Any signs of resorption, immature roots, fracture, sinus tract and dental anomaly

Where this trial is running

Cairo, Nasr City

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Post-operative PainPeriapical InflammationNano-Calcium HydroxideNano-ChitosanEndodontic Retreatment
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.