Multifocal theta-burst stimulation to boost arm recovery after stroke

Advancing Stroke Rehabilitation Through Multifocal Network-based Theta-burst Stimulation and Assistive Technology: Enhancing Upper Limb Motor Learning: A Single-center, Randomized, Sham-controlled Study With Parallel Groups.

Not applicable Interventional School of Health Sciences Geneva · NCT07439367

This trial tests whether sequential intermittent theta-burst brain stimulation to motor and parietal areas, combined with tablet-based arm training, can improve arm movement in adults with chronic stroke-related weakness.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment46 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorSchool of Health Sciences Geneva Academic / other
Locations1 site (Carouge, Canton of Geneva)
Trial IDNCT07439367 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

The study delivers neuronavigated intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) sequentially to the affected hemisphere's primary motor cortex and superior parietal lobule, paired with tablet-based upper limb exercises, and compares active stimulation to sham. Eligible participants are adults at least six months after a first unilateral ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with moderate residual arm weakness (FMA-UE 29–57). The intervention aims to enhance parietal–motor network functional connectivity to promote neuroplasticity and motor relearning. Outcomes focus on changes in upper-limb function following the combined neuromodulation and training program.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults aged 18 or older who are at least six months after a first ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, have unilateral upper-limb weakness with FMA-UE scores of 29–57, and can follow study procedures.

Not a fit: Patients with severe paralysis (FMA-UE below 29), uncontrolled epilepsy, recent botulinum toxin injections, implanted metallic or electronic devices near the stimulation site, or who experience a recurrent stroke are unlikely to be eligible or to benefit.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could strengthen brain network connectivity to improve arm strength and day-to-day use for people living with chronic post-stroke weakness.

How similar studies have performed: Previous rTMS and monofocal iTBS trials over motor cortex have shown mixed but promising effects on chronic stroke motor recovery, while multifocal parietal-plus-motor iTBS is a relatively new and less-tested strategy.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

For Stroke Participants:

* Age ≥ 18 years
* First-ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke
* Time since stroke ≥ 6 months
* Unilateral upper limb hemiparesis
* Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) score between 29 and 57
* Modified Ashworth Scale score \< 2 at elbow, wrist, or finger flexors
* Manual muscle testing ≥ 3/5 in proximal upper limb muscles (deltoid, biceps, triceps, wrist pronators/supinators)
* Ability to understand and follow study procedures
* Provided written informed consent

For Healthy Participants:

* Age ≥ 18 years
* No history of neurological disease
* Ability to understand and follow study procedures
* Provided written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

For Stroke Participants:

* Second stroke occurring during the study period
* Botulinum toxin injection within 3 months prior to study start
* History of one or more epileptic seizures
* Metallic object near the stimulation site
* Implanted electronic or metallic devices (e.g., pacemaker, neurostimulator) incompatible with TMS
* Severe comorbid conditions affecting the upper limb (traumatic, rheumatologic, osteoarticular, or neurodegenerative disorders)
* Pregnancy
* Delirium or impaired vigilance
* Inability to participate in one-hour treatment sessions
* Inability to comply with study procedures (e.g., language barrier, psychological disorder, dementia)
* Current or past substance abuse, including excessive alcohol consumption
* Participation in another interventional clinical trial within 30 days prior to enrollment

For Healthy Participants:

* Severe musculoskeletal or neurological condition affecting the non-dominant upper limb
* Pregnancy
* Delirium or impaired vigilance
* Inability to participate in one-hour treatment sessions
* Inability to comply with study procedures
* Current or past substance abuse, including excessive alcohol consumption
* Participation in another interventional clinical trial within 30 days prior to enrollment

Where this trial is running

Carouge, Canton of Geneva

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Chronic Stroke PatientMotor ImpairmentNeurorehabilitationTheta Burst StimulationChronic StrokeUpper Limb RehabilitationIntermittent Theta Burst StimulationTablet-Based Rehabilitation
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.