Monitoring small thyroid cancers without immediate surgery

Active Surveillance of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma

NA · Cedars-Sinai Medical Center · NCT02609685

This study tests whether watching small thyroid cancers closely instead of doing surgery right away is a safe option for patients and looks at how this choice affects their quality of life and anxiety.

Quick facts

PhaseNA
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment216 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorCedars-Sinai Medical Center (other)
Drugs / interventionsradiation
Locations1 site (Los Angeles, California)
Trial IDNCT02609685 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This study investigates the outcomes of active surveillance for patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) instead of the standard immediate surgical intervention. It aims to estimate the rate of disease progression over 3, 5, and 10 years in patients with thyroid nodules measuring 1.5 cm or smaller. Participants can choose to undergo surgery at any time if deemed necessary by them and their physician. Additionally, a sub-study will assess quality of life and anxiety levels in patients opting for surgery compared to those in active surveillance.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are individuals with pathologically confirmed small papillary thyroid carcinoma nodules and no signs of aggressive disease.

Not a fit: Patients with high-grade thyroid cancer variants or those with suspicious lymphadenopathy will not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could reduce unnecessary surgeries and associated complications for patients with low-risk thyroid cancers.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies on active surveillance for low-risk thyroid cancers have shown promising results, suggesting this approach may be viable.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Pathologically confirmed Bethesda V or VI thyroid nodules with papillary thyroid carcinoma or high clinical suspicion, or pathologically confirmed Bethesda III or IV nodules with BRAF mutation.
* 2.0 cm or smaller nodules by ultrasonographic criteria
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent and HIPAA Authorization form
* Must be able to read and write English fluently to participate in the questionnaire portion of the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* High-grade or poorly differentiated PTC variants
* Central or lateral neck lymphadenopathy suspicious for PTC
* Unfavorable nodule location (e.g. Near dorsal surface (by recurrent laryngeal nerve); Adjacent to trachea (risk of cartilage invasion)
* History of radiation to neck

Where this trial is running

Los Angeles, California

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma, Thyroid cancer, Active surveillance, PTMC

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.