Mediterranean versus Paleolithic diet for adults with rheumatoid arthritis

Effect of Mediterranean and Paleolithic Dietary Interventions on Nutritional Status, Disease Activity, Sarcopenia, and Quality of Life in Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 12-Week Randomized Controlled Trial

Not applicable Interventional Kasr El Aini Hospital · NCT07438652

This 12-week trial will see if following a Mediterranean or Paleolithic eating plan helps adults aged 40–60 with rheumatoid arthritis compared with continuing their usual diet.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment75 (estimated)
Ages40 Years to 60 Years
SexAll
SponsorKasr El Aini Hospital Academic / other
Locations1 site (Cairo, Al-Manial)
Trial IDNCT07438652 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

Adults with rheumatoid arthritis will be randomly assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet, a Paleolithic diet, or continue their usual diet for 12 weeks at Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital in Cairo. The trial will collect anthropometric measurements, disease activity scores (DAS28), laboratory markers (CBC, CRP, ESR, lipid profile, fasting glucose, HbA1c), and patient-reported outcomes including fatigue, sleep, and quality of life. Dietary intake will be monitored using questionnaires and nutritional assessments at baseline and after the intervention. The goal is to determine whether specific dietary patterns reduce inflammation, improve sarcopenia-related measures, and enhance overall well-being in this patient group.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults aged 40–60 with rheumatoid arthritis by the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria who do not have major comorbidities and can adhere to a prescribed diet for 12 weeks.

Not a fit: Patients with excluded comorbid conditions (for example diabetes, hypertension, gout, or thyroid dysfunction), those outside the 40–60 age range, or those unable to follow dietary changes are unlikely to benefit from this protocol.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, one or both diets could reduce RA activity, improve muscle health, and enhance quality of life without adding drug therapy.

How similar studies have performed: Prior studies report modest benefits of the Mediterranean diet for RA and preliminary anti-inflammatory signals for Paleolithic-style diets, but evidence is limited and not definitive.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients classified as having rheumatoid arthritis according to the 2010 rheumatoid arthritis ACR/ EULAR classification criteria with a selected age group of 40 to 60 years old.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with comorbidities (e.g., diabetes mellitus, hypertension, gout, thyroid dysfunction).

Where this trial is running

Cairo, Al-Manial

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Rheumatoid ArthritisDietary InterventionRheumatoid arthritisPaleolitic DietMediterranean DietSarcopeniaQuality of lifeNutrition
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.