Liver fat in people born with low birth weight

Increased Risk of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Low Birth Weight Individuals - Reversibility and Mechanistic Studies.

Not applicable Interventional Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen · NCT05842850

A 4-week low-calorie diet to see if cutting calories lowers liver fat in middle-aged adults born with low birth weight who have NAFLD.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment8 (estimated)
Ages35 Years to 40 Years
SexAll
SponsorSteno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Academic / other
Locations2 sites (Aarhus and 1 other locations)
Trial IDNCT05842850 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

The project will screen about 250 early middle-aged, non-obese adults born with low birth weight using MR spectroscopy to identify those with liver fat ≥5%. Participants with elevated liver fat will enter a proof-of-principle 4-week low-calorie diet intervention with detailed metabolic phenotyping before and after the diet, including MR imaging, adipose tissue sampling, insulin secretion and sensitivity measures, and energy-expenditure testing. The investigators will compare responses in low birth weight versus normal birth weight controls to determine whether limited subcutaneous adipose tissue expandability explains greater ectopic liver fat in the low birth weight group. The work is focused on mechanistic insight and short-term liver fat change rather than long-term clinical outcomes, to inform targeted prevention strategies.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are early middle-aged, non-obese adults born with low birth weight who have liver fat ≥5% on MR spectroscopy and meet the study's medication, alcohol, and activity criteria.

Not a fit: People with BMI <18.5 or >30 kg/m2, existing metabolic or liver disease, high alcohol intake, recent significant weight change, or a strong family history of diabetes are unlikely to benefit from this intervention.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could show that short-term calorie restriction rapidly reduces liver fat in high-risk low birth weight adults and help prevent progression to more serious cardiometabolic disease.

How similar studies have performed: Short-term low-calorie diets have been shown to rapidly reduce liver fat in broader NAFLD populations, but applying this approach specifically to low birth weight individuals and linking effects to subcutaneous adipose tissue expandability is relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* subjects with NAFLD (liver fat content ≥5% liver fat content verified on MRS in the screening NAFLD study)

Exclusion Criteria:

* BMI\<18.5 and BMI\>30 kg/m2
* Family history of diabetes (siblings, parent, and grandparents)
* Disease/medication known to affect primary outcome
* Self-reported high physical activity level
* Alcohol intake above general recommendations.
* Metabolic/liver disease
* Weight gain/loss of \>3 kg within the past 6 months

Where this trial is running

Aarhus and 1 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions NAFLDAdipose tissue biologyCaloric restrictionInsulin resistanceEnergy expenditureInsulin secretion
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.