Investigating immune responses in viral pneumonia and ARDS

Mucosal Associated Invariant T Cell During Viral Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

This study looks at how certain immune cells behave in patients with viral pneumonia and ARDS to see if understanding them can help create better treatments.

Quick facts

• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 150 (estimated)
• Ages: 18 Years and up
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: University Hospital, Tours (other)
• Drugs / interventions: chemotherapy
• Locations: 1 site (Tours)
• Trial ID: NCT06720818 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This observational study focuses on understanding the role of Mucosal Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells in patients suffering from viral pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The study aims to dissect the immunopathology of ARDS, particularly in cases related to SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus, to identify potential endotypes that could benefit from targeted therapies. By analyzing the activation mechanisms and functions of MAIT cells, the researchers hope to provide insights that could lead to new precision-medicine approaches for treating ARDS. Patients admitted to critical care units for specific conditions will be monitored to gather data on immune responses and tissue repair processes.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates include adults aged 18 and older who are admitted to critical care for viral pneumonia or other specified conditions leading to ARDS.

Not a fit: Patients with severe immunosuppression may not benefit from this study due to their compromised immune response.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to the development of individualized therapies for patients with ARDS, improving their chances of recovery.

How similar studies have performed: While the role of MAIT cells in ARDS is being explored, this specific approach is relatively novel and has not been extensively tested in previous studies.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 18 years
* Patients admitted to critical care (Intensive Care Unit, Continuous Monitoring Unit, Intensive Care Unit) at the CHRU de Tours
* Patients admitted to critical care for one of the following reasons:

  * Acute community-acquired pulmonary infection (pneumonia),
  * Severe acute pancreatitis, with onset of ARDS criteria less than 48 hours ago,
  * Severe isolated head injury requiring invasive mechanical ventilation,
  * Severe burn defined by a burned surface area exceeding 20% and/or deep lesions exceeding 3% of the total body surface area, with the onset of ARDS criteria less than 48 hours ago,
  * Patient admitted to Intensive Care Medicine, requiring invasive mechanical ventilation,
  * Patient admitted to cardiac surgery for scheduled surgery for valve replacement and/or coronary artery bypass grafting, with inclusion the day before surgery,

Non-inclusion criteria :

* Patients with severe immunosuppression (impairing the ability to analyse the immune response, particularly T lymphocytes): active haematological malignancy, solid organ transplantation or bone marrow transplantation, systemic immunosuppressive treatment, ongoing chemotherapy (including immune checkpoint inhibitors).
* Person who has objected to data processing
* Patient under guardianship or curatorship

Where this trial is running

Tours

• University hospital — Tours, France (RECRUITING)

Study contacts

• Study coordinator: Youenn JOUAN, Dr

Conditions: Viral Pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Mucosal Associated Invariant T cell, physiopathology, immune response