Identifying delayed sleep timing in children with ADHD

Advancing Identification of Circadian Delay in ADHD Youth: Associations With Clinical Heterogeneity and Cognition

Duke University · NCT06971640

We will test whether home sleep trackers plus a night lab melatonin test can find delayed circadian timing in 6–9-year-old children with ADHD and whether that sleep timing relates to their behavior and thinking.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Enrollment250 (estimated)
Ages6 Years to 9 Years
SexAll
SponsorDuke University (other)
Locations1 site (Durham, North Carolina)
Trial IDNCT06971640 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This observational project combines parent questionnaires, home wearable sensors, and a lab-based dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) assessment to characterize sleep and circadian timing in children with ADHD. Children ages 6–9 will wear an actigraphy-like device for seven days, use a skin temperature sensor overnight, and have mattress movement/heart-rate monitoring while parents complete daily sleep diaries. One evening visit includes a lab melatonin collection to pinpoint circadian timing, and cognitive and psychiatric assessments will measure attention and related symptoms. Investigators will analyze how circadian delay and sleep patterns relate to clinical heterogeneity and cognitive performance.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Children aged 6–9 with a primary DSM-5 diagnosis of ADHD, IQ > 80, generally healthy, and (if applicable) willing to pause melatonin during participation.

Not a fit: Children with psychosis, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder, diagnosed occult sleep disorders (like sleep apnea), use of sleep medications other than melatonin, or plans to start stimulant medication during the study period are unlikely to benefit.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could help clinicians identify sleep-based biological markers to guide personalized sleep interventions that may improve attention and daytime functioning in children with ADHD.

How similar studies have performed: Prior studies have linked circadian delay to ADHD symptoms and used DLMO in older children and adolescents, but combining home wearables with lab-based melatonin timing in young children is relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Child ages 6-9
2. Meet criteria for a primary psychiatric diagnosis of DSM-5 ADHD, any presentation
3. Intellectual functioning \>80
4. Healthy (i.e., no major medical problems)
5. If applicable, willingness to suspend use of melatonin during the study period

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Meet DSM-5 criteria for psychosis, bipolar, or autism spectrum disorders
2. Diagnosis of occult sleep disorders, including sleep apnea or restless leg syndrome
3. Medication for sleep other than melatonin
4. Plans to initiate stimulant medication during the study period

Where this trial is running

Durham, North Carolina

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: ADHD - Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity, ADHD, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, circadian rhythm, dim light melatonin onset

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.