How menstrual-cycle hormone changes affect response to eccentric leg exercise

Examining the Role of Female Endogenous Sex Hormones in Eccentric Exercise

NA · University of Southern California · NCT05934708

This project will test whether normal menstrual-cycle changes in estrogen and progesterone change how women feel before and after eccentric leg exercise and how quickly they recover.

Quick facts

PhaseNA
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment30 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 35 Years
SexFemale
SponsorUniversity of Southern California (other)
Locations1 site (Los Angeles, California)
Trial IDNCT05934708 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

Researchers will enroll women with regular menstrual cycles who are not using hormonal contraception and perform controlled eccentric leg-extension exercise sessions at different menstrual phases. Blood samples and muscle-damage measures will be collected alongside self-reported readiness and perceived difficulty ratings before and after exercise. The study will compare inflammatory markers and recovery metrics across phases with higher versus lower estrogen and progesterone levels. In-person testing will take place at a single clinical exercise center and will require timing visits to specific cycle days.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Women aged 18–35 with BMI 18.5–29.9, regular menstruation, not pregnant, not using hormonal contraception, medically free of chronic disease, and not habitual downhill runners are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: People who are on hormonal contraception, have irregular cycles, are perimenopausal/postmenopausal, pregnant, under 18 or over 35, or have disqualifying medical conditions are not eligible and are unlikely to benefit directly.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the findings could help female exercisers and athletes better time training and recovery around their menstrual-cycle hormone changes.

How similar studies have performed: Previous research has suggested hormones can influence muscle damage and perceived exertion but results are mixed, so this focused approach is relatively novel and aims to clarify inconsistent findings.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* 18-35 years of age
* BMI of 18.5-29.9 as a BMI below or above these cut points results in highly varied menstrual cycle lengths \[15\]
* Not taking contraception or other types of medication that could influence reproductive status
* Regular menstruation
* Non-pregnant
* Medically free from chronic diseases
* Novel to downhill running
* Weight greater than or equal to 110 lbs
* Not taking exogenous hormones
* Not suffering from known gynecological disease (i.e., PCOS, endometriosis, etc.) that may influence menstrual cycle regularity

Exclusion Criteria:

* Amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea
* Perimenopausal or menopausal
* Recreational or professional trail or downhill runner
* On a form of contraception
* Cardiac disability
* Pacemaker
* Arterial disease
* Uncontrolled hemorrhage
* Blood clots
* Pregnant or trying to become pregnant
* Cancerous lesions
* Sensory or mental impairment
* Unstable fractures
* Weight less than 110 lbs
* Suffering from gynecological disease (i.e., PCOS, endometriosis, etc.) that may influence menstrual cycle regularity
* Taking exogenous hormones

Where this trial is running

Los Angeles, California

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: Inflammatory Response, menstrual cycle, exercise

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.