Helping smokers quit during emergency department visits

The INITIATE Study: Initiating Nicotine Dependence Treatment for Smokers Admitted to Emergency Departments

Not applicable Interventional Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation · NCT04163081

This study is testing a new way to help daily smokers quit by giving them support and incentives during their emergency department visits to see if it helps them stay smoke-free for longer.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment1208 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorOttawa Heart Institute Research Corporation Academic / other
Locations4 sites (Ottawa, Ontario and 3 other locations)
Trial IDNCT04163081 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

The INITIATE Study is a randomized controlled trial aimed at increasing long-term smoking abstinence among tobacco smokers who visit emergency departments. It involves a Quit Card Intervention (QCI) that provides behavioral incentives and tailored follow-up support to participants. The study targets smokers who are daily users of tobacco and assesses the impact of the intervention on smoking cessation, health outcomes, and healthcare utilization over a 24-month period. With millions of emergency department visits involving smokers each year, this study seeks to address the underutilization of effective smoking cessation interventions in healthcare settings.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates for this study are current daily smokers aged 18 and older who visit emergency departments in Ontario.

Not a fit: Patients who are not current smokers or those with severe health conditions that prevent participation may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could significantly improve smoking cessation rates among patients who visit emergency departments.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown success with similar interventions in promoting smoking cessation, indicating a promising approach.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Current daily smoker (smokes ≥ 5 cigarettes per day);
* ≥ 18 years of age (the age of majority in Ontario);
* For ED sites only, assigned a CTAS level of 2-5 (emergent to non-urgent);
* Able to read and understand English or French;
* Resides in Ontario and eligible for Ontario Health Insurance Plan (to permit linkage with administrative data housed at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences \[ICES\]);
* Available and willing to participate in follow-up assessments over the next 12 months;
* Has access to a telephone or computer;
* Able to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Currently participating in this or another smoking cessation study;
* For ED sites only, assigned a CTAS level of 1 (resuscitation - the most seriously ill patients with highest likelihood of hospital admission) or in psychiatric emergency unit;
* Pregnant, planning to become pregnant over the next year, or breastfeeding;
* Has morbid illness which will prevent completion of 26-week follow-up (e.g., receiving palliative care);
* In the opinion of the attending physician, manifests acute physical and/or psychiatric illness or has cognitive impairment that would preclude participation in/benefit from the intervention.
* Scheduled for a known elected surgery, procedure, or future hospitalization during the study period.

Where this trial is running

Ottawa, Ontario and 3 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Nicotine Dependence, CigarettesNicotine WithdrawalNicotine Replacement TherapyEmergency DepartmentNicotine DependenceTobacco AbstinenceTobacco TreatmentCigarette
Last reviewed 2026-06-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.