Exploring how sleep issues affect emotions in Alzheimer's patients

Sleep Disturbance and Emotion Regulation Brain Dysfunction as Mechanisms of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer's Dementia

Not applicable Interventional Stanford University · NCT04100057

This study is testing how sleep problems affect emotions in people with early Alzheimer's and whether treatments like therapy can help improve their mood and quality of life.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment150 (estimated)
Ages50 Years to 90 Years
SexAll
SponsorStanford University Academic / other
Locations1 site (Palo Alto, California)
Trial IDNCT04100057 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This study investigates the relationship between sleep disturbances and neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals at risk for or in the early stages of Alzheimer's Disease. It aims to test a mechanistic model where sleep disruption contributes to emotional distress through impairments in brain function related to emotion regulation. Participants will undergo interventions such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia and Desensitization Therapy for insomnia to assess their effectiveness in alleviating symptoms. The study seeks to clarify how these factors interact and impact the quality of life for those affected by Alzheimer's.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are males and females aged 50-90 with insomnia and neuropsychiatric symptoms related to Alzheimer's Disease.

Not a fit: Patients without sleep disturbances or those not experiencing neuropsychiatric symptoms may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to improved treatment strategies for managing neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's patients through better sleep management.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have indicated that addressing sleep disturbances can improve neuropsychiatric symptoms, suggesting a promising avenue for this approach.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Males and females of any racial or ethnic group, aged 50-90 (inclusive)
* Subjective complaint of insomnia associated with daytime impairment or distress (ISI ≥ 10)
* Subjective complaint of sleep disturbance ≥ 3 months in duration
* Subjective complaint of Neuropsychiatric symptoms (Self-Report NPI distress total score ≥ 4 on any measure other than the sleep domain OR current symptoms from Study Partner NPI ≥ 1
* Able to verbalize understanding of involvement in the research and provide written informed consent or provide assent co-signed by a LAR
* Fluent and literate in English
* Written, informed consent
* Medications (including any dementia-related meds) stable for at least 4 weeks prior to study baseline
* Research diagnosis of memory impairment based on the following:

  i) Global Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) of 0.5 or 1.0. OR a diagnosis of memory impairment from the Stanford/VA AD Center
* MRI safety screen passed , as assessed by the attached MRI safety screening form from the Stanford CNI, excluding mild claustrophobia that will be further screened at the in-person screening session per the screening protocol
* Have a caregiver or study partner willing to aid in facilitating the protocol and ratings
* Reside within approximately 60 miles of Stanford University

Exclusion Criteria:

* less than 20 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
* Acute or unstable chronic illness: including but not limited to: uncontrolled thyroid disease, kidney, prostate or bladder conditions causing excessively frequent urination (\> 3 times per night); medically unstable congestive heart failure, angina, other severe cardiac illness as defined by treatment regimen changes in the prior 3 months; stroke with serious sequelae; cancer if \< 1 year since end of treatment; asthma, emphysema, or other severe respiratory diseases uncontrolled with medications; and neurological disorders (with the exception of mild AD) such as Parkinson's disease and unstable epilepsy as defined by treatment regimen changes in the prior 3 months; unstable adult onset diabetes as defined by treatment regimen changes in the prior 3 months.
* Use of medication specifically prescribed for sleep disturbance or nighttime-only, low dose anti-depressants (e.g., doxepin, amitriptyline, trazodone used only at sub-therapeutic anti-depressant doses and taken only at bedtime) specifically prescribed for sleep disturbance and unwilling or unable to discontinue \> two weeks (anti-depressants) or \>1 week (sleep medications) prior to baseline data collection.
* Current or lifetime history of bipolar disorder
* History of psychosis preceding onset of memory impairments
* Substance abuse or dependence
* Excessive alcohol consumption (\>14 drinks per week or \> 4 drinks per occasion)
* Current exposure to trauma, or exposure to trauma within the past 3 months
* Presence of suicidal ideations representing high risk as measured by the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Individuals are considered high risk if they have endorsement of either of the following:

  1. A score of 4 or more for the past month on the C-SSRS
  2. ) A positive endorsement, relative to the past 90 days, in the "Suicide Behavior" section of item #6 (Have you ever done anything, started to do anything, or prepared to do anything to end your life?)
* History of significant head trauma followed by persistent neurologic deficits or known structural brain abnormalities OR traumatic brain injury in the past two months
* Severe impediment to vision, hearing and/or hand movement, likely to interfere with the ability to complete the assessments, or are unable and/or unlikely to follow the study protocols
* Current or expected cognitive behavior therapy or other evidence based psychotherapies; therapy for another condition (e.g. Depression)
* History of falling and/or severe mobility impairment
* Individuals who are not CPAP adherent or have untreated severe OSA (AHI \>= 30).CPAP adherence being defined as using the CPAP machine 70% of nights for a minimum of 4 hours per night.
* Received Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) or Desensitization Therapy for Insomnia (DTI) within the past year
* Are not fully vaccinated for COVID-19 (e.g. 2 doses of Moderna or BioNTech, Pfizer vaccines; or 1 for Johnson and Johnson) and unwilling, if asked, to provide proof (e.g., CDC COVID-19 Vaccination Card, e-Health record, etc.)

Where this trial is running

Palo Alto, California

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Alzheimer DiseaseMild Cognitive ImpairmentNeuropsychiatric SymptomsSleep Disturbance
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.