Comparing short and long antibiotic treatments after appendectomy

Complex and Simple Appendicitis: REstrictive or Liberal Post-operative Antibiotic eXposure (CASA RELAX) Using Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) and Response Adjusted for Duration of Antibiotic Risk (RADAR)

Not applicable Interventional University of Louisville · NCT05838248

This study is testing whether shorter courses of antibiotics after appendectomy are just as effective as longer ones in preventing complications for people with different types of appendicitis.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment50 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorUniversity of Louisville Academic / other
Drugs / interventionschemotherapy
Locations2 sites (Louisville, Kentucky and 1 other locations)
Trial IDNCT05838248 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This prospective trial randomizes patients who have undergone an appendectomy into two groups based on the complexity of their appendicitis. For those with simple appendicitis, they will receive either peri-operative antibiotics or a 24-hour course, while those with complex appendicitis will be assigned to either a 24-hour or a 4-day antibiotic regimen. The study aims to determine if shorter antibiotic durations are as effective as longer ones in preventing complications. Data will be collected prospectively, and advanced matching techniques will be used to ensure valid comparisons between treatment groups.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults aged 18 and older who are scheduled for an appendectomy and can provide informed consent.

Not a fit: Patients who are immunocompromised, pregnant, or have other significant health issues may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to reduced antibiotic use and lower rates of antibiotic resistance in patients undergoing appendectomy.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown promising results with shorter antibiotic courses in similar surgical contexts, suggesting this approach may be viable.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 18 years
* Planned appendectomy (laparoscopic or open)
* Willing and able to provide informed consent
* Working telephone number or reliable method to contact patient after hospital discharge

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to consent
* Pregnant Women
* Prisoners
* Immunocompromised as determined by clinical team, or patients actively receiving steroids, chemotherapy, or immunosuppressing medications (for example tacrolimus), or patients with active hematologic malignancy affecting the immune system, leukopenia, or end-stage AIDS
* Heart failure
* Allergy to bupivacaine
* Unlikely to comply with treatment or follow-up
* Inpatient consultation for appendicitis
* Clinically suspected of sepsis based on Sepsis-3 definition
* Current use of antibiotics for other indications
* Type 1 Diabetes or uncontrolled hyperglycemia
* Surgeon preference
* Patient preference
* Research team unavailable

Where this trial is running

Louisville, Kentucky and 1 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Appendicitisappendicitisappendectomyantibiotic duration
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.