Comparing EFTR versus STER for removing small gastric GISTs

Exposed Endoscopic Full Thickness Resection (EFTR) Versus Submucosal Tunnelling Endoscopic Resection (STER) for Small Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) - an International Double Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

NA · Chinese University of Hong Kong · NCT07411118

This trial will test whether endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) or submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) is better at completely removing small (1.0–3.5 cm) gastric GISTs in adults.

Quick facts

PhaseNA
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment136 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 75 Years
SexAll
SponsorChinese University of Hong Kong (other)
Locations4 sites (Shanghai and 3 other locations)
Trial IDNCT07411118 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a multi-center, double-blinded randomized trial enrolling adults with 1.0–3.5 cm gastric GISTs judged suitable for endoscopic removal. Participants are randomly assigned to undergo EFTR or STER performed by expert endoscopists under general anesthesia using established techniques. Outcomes include complete margin-negative (R0) resection and adverse events, with follow-up to compare safety and efficacy between the two approaches. The trial is being run at high-volume centers in Hong Kong, mainland China, India, and Japan to standardize technique and capture international data.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults aged 18–75 with a single gastric subepithelial tumor 1.0–3.5 cm arising from the muscularis propria, without high-risk features and deemed feasible for either EFTR or STER, are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with tumors unsuitable for endoscopic resection (unfavorable location, high-risk morphology), multiple tumors, or lesions outside the 1.0–3.5 cm range are unlikely to benefit from participation.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the results could identify which endoscopic method more reliably removes small gastric GISTs with clear margins while keeping complication rates low, helping patients avoid more invasive surgery.

How similar studies have performed: Both EFTR and STER have been used successfully in observational series and case series with favorable short-term recovery, but a direct randomized head-to-head comparison like this is novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Consecutive adult patients age \>=18 and \<=75 with a clinical diagnosis of gastric GIST who opted for endoscopic resection would be screened for eligibility.

Inclusion Criteria:

* Presence of gastric subepithelial tumor on diagnostic upper endoscopy, and
* Diagnostic EUS and CT scan with intravenous contrast suspicious of GIST arising from muscularis propria layer, size with maximum diameter \>=1.0cm and \<= 3.5cm, and
* Absence of high risk features, including irregular margins, invasion to surrounding organs, lesion hypervascularity, and
* Endoscopic morphology and location deemed feasible with both EFTR and STER by an expert endoscopist, or
* Histological confirmation of GIST through EUS guided fine needle biopsy (Optional, based on recommendation from guidelines)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with tumors deemed not suitable for endoscopic resection (Either EFTR or STER), due to unfavourable location, high risk morphology, or any other reasons.
* Patients with multiple tumors.
* Patients unable or unwilling to provide consent.
* Previous esophageal or gastric surgery.
* Patients with significant cardiorespiratory comorbidities which may limit their ability to undertake general anesthesia for the procedure, including ASA grade III or above.
* Pregnant women or those planning pregnancy or breastfeeding women.
* Uncorrectable coagulopathy defined by international normalized ratio (INR) \> 1.5 or platelet count \< 50000/µl.
* Patients on double anti-platelet agents or anti-coagulation (Warfarin, heparin or other direct oral anticoagulants)

Where this trial is running

Shanghai and 3 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: Small Size Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, GIST, EFTR, STER

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.