Comparing carbon ion therapy to standard radiotherapy for hard-to-treat tumors

Inclusion Criteria:

* age ≥ 18 years
* No severe comorbidity, life expectancy above 10 years
* Unresectable or inoperable or R2 resection of the tumor
* Eligible radioresistant tumor according to the limitative list as following:

  * adenoid cystic carcinoma of head and neck (larynx and trachea excluded)
  * soft tissue sarcoma
  * pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma only (alveolar and embryonal forms excluded)
  * retroperitoneal sarcoma under condition of technical feasibility (movement)
  * osteosarcoma of any grade and localisation (Ewing excluded)
  * chondrosarcoma (except of skull base) OMS grade \>= 2
  * chordoma axial skeleton or pelvis (except of skull base)
  * angiosarcoma
* Absence of epidermal invasion (a hypodermic invasion is accepted with fixity of cutaneous plan but not true epidermal permeation)
* Larger volume to be irradiated (PTV) less than 25 cm
* ECOG Performance Status ≤ 2 or Karnovsky index ≥ 60
* no pregnancy of possibility of pregnancy during the treatment
* having an health insurance
* signature of a written informed consent
* validation of the randomization criteria: namely, a carbon ions therapy indication assessed by the medical team of a hadrontherapy center and able to by treated within two month from registration.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Complete macroscopic or microscopic surgical resection (R0 or R1)
* previous irradiation in the volume to be treated
* metastatic disease
* disease not candidate to a curative approach (example accelerated progressive diseaseresistant to nay medical treatment especially for sarcoma)
* any contra-indication to undergo a radiation therapy by Xray or particle therapy
* planned surgery or chemotherapy to take place after completion of radiotherapy (example : absence of enough space between an organ risk and the target volume (at least 5 mm) except the possibility of a spacer insertion)
* planned surgery or chemotherapy after radiotherapy
* Presence in the target volume of metallic material which cannot be removed (carbon fibres matreial authorized)
* history of concomittant (except in situ cervix carcinoma; or any cured basocellular cutaneous cancer tor any cured cancer with no sign of relapse during 5 years))
* impossible follow-up over 5 years