Combination of pemetrexed and pembrolizumab for advanced salivary gland cancer

Phase II Study of Pemetrexed and Pembrolizumab in Recurrent and/or Metastatic Salivary Gland Malignancies

This study is testing if combining the chemotherapy drug pemetrexed with the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab can help people with advanced salivary gland cancer feel better and live longer.

Quick facts

• Phase: Phase 2
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 45 (estimated)
• Ages: 18 Years and up
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: Mayo Clinic (Academic / other)
• Drugs / interventions: pembrolizumab, immunotherapy, radiation, prednisone, Chemotherapy
• Locations: 3 sites (Scottsdale, Arizona and 2 other locations)
• Trial ID: NCT04895735 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This phase II trial evaluates the effectiveness of the chemotherapy drug pemetrexed combined with the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab in treating patients with recurrent or metastatic salivary gland cancer. The study aims to determine the clinical benefit rate and response rate of this combination therapy in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma and other types of salivary gland cancer. Additionally, it will assess progression-free survival, overall survival, and the safety of the treatment. Correlative research will investigate biomarkers that may predict treatment response.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates include adults aged 18 and older with histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic salivary gland cancer not suitable for curative treatment.

Not a fit: Patients with salivary gland cancer that is amenable to curative-intent therapy may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this treatment could provide a new therapeutic option for patients with advanced salivary gland cancer.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown promising results with similar combinations of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in various cancers, suggesting potential for success in this approach.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

* REGISTRATION - INCLUSION CRITERIA
* Age \>= 18 years
* Histologically confirmed diagnosis of recurrent or metastatic salivary gland cancer not amenable to curative-intent therapy
* COHORT A1: Rochester Minnesota only: Diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC)
* Measurable disease as defined by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version (v)1.1 criteria

  * NOTE: Tumor lesions in a previously irradiated area are considered measurable disease if progression has been demonstrated in such lesions. Disease that is measurable by physical examination only is not eligible
* Prior treatment:

  * Prior treatment with checkpoint inhibitor(s) allowed
  * Any number of lines of prior therapy in the recurrent/metastatic setting is permitted at the investigator's discretion
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0 or 1

  * NOTE: PS must be assessed again within 7 days prior to first dose of study drug
* Hemoglobin \>= 9.0 g/dL (obtained =\< 8 days prior to registration)

  * NOTE: Must be met without growth factor support and no transfusions \<14 days prior to testing
* Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1500/mm\^3 (obtained =\< 8 days prior to registration)
* Platelet count \>= 100,000/mm\^3 (obtained =\< 8 days prior to registration)
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (obtained =\< 8 days prior to registration)
* Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) =\< 2.5 x ULN (=\< 5 x ULN for patients with liver involvement) (obtained =\< 8 days prior to registration)
* Prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR)/activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) =\< 1.5 x ULN OR if patient is receiving anticoagulant therapy and INR or aPTT is within target range of therapy (obtained =\< 8 days prior to registration)
* Creatinine =\< 1.5 x ULN OR calculated creatinine clearance \>= 45 ml/min using the Cockcroft-Gault formula (obtained =\< 8 days prior to registration)
* Negative pregnancy test done =\< 7 days prior to registration, for persons of childbearing potential only

  * Note: If testing done for eligibility is \> 72 hours prior to first dose, then pregnancy testing must be repeated and result must be negative for patient to receive treatment
* Persons able to become pregnant OR able to father a child must be willing to use an adequate method of contraception while on treatment and for 180 days after last treatment
* Life expectancy \>= 12 weeks
* Provide written informed consent
* Willing to return to enrolling institution for follow-up (during the active monitoring phase of the study)
* Willingness to provide mandatory blood specimens for correlative research
* Willingness to provide mandatory tissue specimens for correlative research

Exclusion Criteria:

* REGISTRATION - EXCLUSION CRITERIA
* Any of the following because this study involves an agent that has known genotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects:

  * Pregnant persons
  * Nursing persons
  * Persons of childbearing potential and persons able to father a child who are unwilling to employ adequate contraception
  * Persons expecting to conceive or father children during study treatment or within 180 days (6 months) after the last treatment
* Any of the following prior therapies:

  * Surgery \< 3 weeks prior to registration
  * Systemic anti-cancer therapy \< 3weeks prior to registration
  * Radiotherapy \< 2 weeks prior to registration OR Palliative radiation \< 1 week prior to registration

    * NOTES: Must have recovered from all radiation related adverse effects (=\< grade 1) Must not currently require corticosteroids Must not have had radiation pneumonitis
  * Live vaccine \< 4 weeks prior to registration

    * NOTES: Examples of live vaccines include, but are not limited to, the following: measles, mumps, rubella, varicella/zoster (chicken pox), yellow fever, rabies, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), and typhoid vaccine. Seasonal influenza vaccines for injection are generally killed virus vaccines and are allowed; however, intranasal influenza vaccines (e.g., FluMist) are live attenuated vaccines and are not allowed
  * Received an investigational agent or used an investigational device or participated in a study of an investigational agent \< 4 weeks prior to registration
* Known active human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (defined as patients who are not on anti-retroviral treatment and have detectable viral load and CD4+ \< 500/ml)

  * NOTE: HIV-positive patients who are well controlled on anti-retroviral therapy are allowed to enroll
* Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment \< 2 years prior to registration, documented history of severe autoimmune disease, or a syndrome that requires systemic steroids or immunosuppressive agents with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs

  * NOTE: Exceptions are allowed for:

    * Vitiligo
    * Resolved childhood asthma/atopy
    * Intermittent use of bronchodilators or inhaled steroids
    * Daily steroids at dose of =\< 10 mg of prednisone (or equivalent)
    * Local steroid injections
    * Stable hypothyroidism on replacement therapy
    * Stable diabetes mellitus on therapy (with or without insulin)
    * Sjogren's syndrome
    * Replacement therapy (e.g., thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) is not considered a form of systemic treatment and is allowed
* Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication \< 14 days prior to registration

  * NOTE: The following are exceptions to this criterion:

    * Intranasal, inhaled, topical steroids, or local steroid injections (e.g., intraarticular injection)
    * Systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses not to exceed 10 mg/day of prednisone or its equivalent

      * Steroids as premedication for hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., premedication for computed tomography \[CT\] scans)
* Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to:

  * Ongoing or active infection requiring systemic therapy
  * Interstitial lung disease or clinically significant pleural effusion
  * Clinically significant ascites
  * Serious, chronic gastrointestinal conditions associated with diarrhea (e.g., Crohn's disease or others)
  * Known history of hepatitis B (i.e., known positive hepatitis B virus \[HBV\] surface antigen \[HBsAg\] reactive)
  * Known active hepatitis C (i.e., positive for hepatitis C virus \[HCV\] ribonucleic acid \[RNA\] detected by polymerase chain reaction \[PCR\])
  * Known active tuberculosis (TB)
  * Symptomatic congestive heart failure
  * Unstable angina pectoris
  * Unstable cardiac arrhythmia or
  * Psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements (e.g., substance abuse)
* Co-morbid systemic illnesses or other severe concurrent disease or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality which, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study or interfere significantly with the proper assessment of safety and toxicity of the prescribed regimens
* Failure to recover to =\< grade 1 (or baseline) from adverse events due to previously administered therapies or prior surgery

  * Exceptions: Neuropathy, fatigue, and/or alopecia may be grade 1
* Known active central nervous system (CNS) metastases

  * NOTE: Patients with previously treated brain metastases may participate provided all of the following are true:

    * They are stable (without evidence of progression by imaging =\< 4 weeks prior to registration and any neurologic symptoms have returned to baseline)
    * Have no evidence of new or enlarging brain metastases, and
    * Are not using steroids =\< 14 days prior to registration
* Known leptomeningeal disease
* Hypersensitivity (\>= grade 3) to pembrolizumab or any of its excipients
* Previous serious adverse event (\>= grade 3) attributed to prior checkpoint inhibitor therapy
* History of (non-infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or has current pneumonitis
* History of grade \>= 3 immune-related adverse event or any grade of immune-related neurologic or ocular adverse event while receiving immunotherapy

  * Note: Patients who had endocrine adverse events =\< grade 2 are allowed to enroll if they are stable on appropriate replacement therapy and asymptomatic
* Other active malignancy \< 2 years prior to registration

  * EXCEPTIONS: Non-melanotic skin cancer, superficial bladder cancer, papillary thyroid cancer, or carcinoma-in-situ of the cervix or others curatively treated and now considered to be at less than 30% risk of relapse
* History of allogenic tissue/solid organ transplant

Where this trial is running

Scottsdale, Arizona and 2 other locations

• Mayo Clinic in Arizona — Scottsdale, Arizona, United States (Suspended)
• Mayo Clinic in Florida — Jacksonville, Florida, United States (Withdrawn)
• Mayo Clinic in Rochester — Rochester, Minnesota, United States (Recruiting)

Study contacts

• Principal investigator: Katherine A. Price, MD — Mayo Clinic in Rochester
• Study coordinator: Clinical Trials Referral Office

Conditions Metastatic Salivary Gland Carcinoma; Recurrent Salivary Gland Carcinoma; Stage IV Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8; Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma