CD7-CAR-T cell therapy for children with relapsed or refractory T-cell leukemia

Phase I/II Study of Anti-CD7 Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Expressing T Cells in Pediatric Patients Affected by Relapsed/Refractory CD7+ T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma

This study is testing a new CAR-T cell therapy for children with hard-to-treat T-cell leukemia to see if it can help them when other treatments have not worked.

Quick facts

• Phase: PHASE1; PHASE2
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 26 (estimated)
• Ages: 6 Months to 25 Years
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: Bambino Gesù Hospital and Research Institute (other)
• Drugs / interventions: daratumomab, Alemtuzumab, chemotherapy, Radiation, prednisone
• Locations: 1 site (Rome, Rome)
• Trial ID: NCT06064903 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This clinical trial evaluates the safety and effectiveness of CD7-CART01, a CAR-T cell therapy, in pediatric patients suffering from relapsed or refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) or lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LL). The study is structured in two phases: Phase 1 focuses on determining the maximum tolerated dose through a dose escalation approach, while Phase 2 will assess the treatment's efficacy at the recommended dose. Participants must have previously failed at least one standard chemotherapy or experienced relapse after a stem cell transplant. The trial aims to enroll up to 38 patients across both phases.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are pediatric patients with CD7+ T-ALL or T-LL who have relapsed or are refractory after standard treatments.

Not a fit: Patients with CD7-negative leukemia or those who have not undergone prior chemotherapy may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this therapy could provide a new treatment option for children with difficult-to-treat forms of leukemia.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies using CAR-T cell therapies have shown promising results in treating similar hematological malignancies, indicating potential for success in this approach.

Eligibility criteria

Procurement eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosis of CD7 expressing (\> 98% CD7 expression on blast cells) T-ALL or LL and one of the following:

   1. Patients in 1st or subsequent relapse, after at least one standard frontline chemotherapy with BM involvement (MRD \>1% in 2 consecutive determinations or evidence of morphological relapse, i.e. \>5% blasts in BM);
   2. Relapse after allogeneic HSCT, if at least 100 days post-transplant, if there is no evidence of active GVHD and if the patient is no longer taking immunosuppressive agents for at least 30 days prior to enrollment;
   3. CNS disease as defined as \> 5 WBCs/mcL in CSF with morphological/flow-cytometry evidence of blasts or biopsy proven recurrence in the eye or brain;
   4. Extramedullary relapse as defined by morphological evidence of blasts in the testis or any other extramedullary sites;
   5. Refractory disease, defined as MRD ≥ 1% or \<1% but persistently positive (i.e. a positive MRD value confirmed by PCR at 2 subsequent evaluations performed at least 2 weeks apart), at the end of consolidation blocks in newly diagnosed patients;
2. Age: 6 months - 25 years.
3. Adequate venous access for apheresis or eligible for appropriate catheter placement, and no other contraindications for leukapheresis.
4. Voluntary informed consent is given. For subjects \<18-year-old, or below the age required by each Country regulation, their legal guardian must give informed consent. Pediatric subjects will be included in age-appropriate discussion and verbal assent will be obtained for those greater than or equal to 12 years of age, when appropriate, or to sign age-adapted informed consent, according to the regulatory requirement of each Country.
5. Clinical performance status: Patients \> 16 years of age: Karnofsky greater than or equal to 60%; Patients \< 16 years of age: Lansky scale greater than or equal to 60%.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Severe, uncontrolled active intercurrent infections.
2. HIV, or active HCV and/or HBV infection.
3. Blast contamination in peripheral blood \>5%, by flow-cytometry, at the time of leukapheresis collection.
4. Concurrent or recent prior therapies, before apheresis:

   1. Systemic steroids (at a dose equivalent to or greater than 2 mg/kg prednisone) in the 2 weeks before apheresis collection. Recent or current use of inhaled/topical/non-absorbable steroids is not exclusionary
   2. Systemic chemotherapy in the 2 weeks preceding apheresis collection
   3. Nelarabine, daratumomab, clofarabine exposure in the 3 weeks preceding apheresis collection
   4. Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) or Alemtuzumab (Campath®) in the 8 weeks preceding apheresis collection
   5. Immunosuppressive agents in the 2 weeks preceding apheresis collection
   6. Radiation therapy must have been completed at least 2 weeks prior to apheresis
   7. Other anti-neoplastic investigational agents currently administered or within 30 days prior to apheresis (i.e. start of protocol therapy)
   8. Exceptions:

      * There is no time restriction with regard to prior intrathecal chemotherapy, provided that there is complete recovery from any acute toxic effects of such chemotherapy;
      * Patients who relapse while receiving standard ALL maintenance chemotherapy will not be required to have a waiting period before entry onto this study provided they meet all other eligibility criteria;
      * Subjects receiving steroid therapy at physiologic replacement doses only are allowed provided there has been no increase in dose for at least 2 weeks prior to starting apheresis.

Treatment eligibility

Inclusion criteria:

1. Diagnosis of CD7 expressing (\> 98% CD7 expression on blast cells) T-ALL or LL and one of the following:

   1. Patients in 1st or subsequent relapse, after at least one standard frontline chemotherapy with BM involvement (MRD \>1% in 2 consecutive determinations or evidence of morphological relapse, i.e. \>5% blasts in BM)
   2. Relapse after allogeneic HSCT, if at least 100 days post-transplant, if there is no evidence of active GVHD and if the patient is no longer taking immunosuppressive agents for at least 30 days prior to enrollment
   3. CNS disease as defined as \> 5 WBCs/mcL in CSF with morphological or flow-cytometry evidence of blasts or biopsy proven recurrence in the eye or brain
   4. Extramedullary relapse as defined by morphological evidence of blasts in the testis or any other extramedullary sites
   5. Refractory disease, defined as MRD ≥1% or \<1% but persistently positive (i.e. a positive MRD value confirmed by PCR at 2 subsequent evaluations performed at least 2 weeks apart), at the end of consolidation blocks in newly diagnosed patients
2. Measurable or evaluable disease at the time of enrollment, which may include any evidence of disease, including MRD detected by flow-cytometry, cytogenetics, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis.
3. Age: 6 months - 25 years.
4. Before enrollment for treatment, patients must have a potential allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) donor (matched related, matched unrelated or haploidentical) available.
5. Voluntary informed consent is given. For subjects \<18-year-old, or below the age required according to each Country regulation, their legal guardian must give informed consent. Pediatric subjects will be included in age-appropriate discussion and verbal assent will be obtained for those greater than or equal to 12 years of age, when appropriate, or to sign age-adapted informed consent, according to the regulatory requirement of the Country.
6. Clinical performance status: Patients \> 16 years of age: Karnofsky greater than or equal to 60%; Patients \< 16 years of age: Lansky scale greater than or equal to 60%.

Exclusion criteria:

1. Pregnant or lactating women.
2. Severe, uncontrolled active intercurrent infections.
3. HIV, or active HCV and/or HBV infection.
4. Life-expectancy \< 6 weeks.
5. Hepatic function: Inadequate liver function defined as total bilirubin \> 4x upper limit of normal (ULN) or transaminase (ALT and AST) \> 6 x ULN.
6. Renal function: serum creatinine \> 3x ULN for age.
7. Blood oxygen saturation \< 90%.
8. Cardiac function: Left ventricular ejection fraction lower than 45% by ECHO.
9. Congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia, psychiatric illness, or social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements or in the opinion of the PI would pose an unacceptable risk to the subject.
10. Uncontrolled seizures or status epilepticus; increased intra-cranial pressure as evidenced by papilledema and CSF opening pressure \> 20 cm water; decreased conscious state (any cause).
11. Contamination of either the apheresis collection or the CD7-CART01 drug product with \>5% blasts.
12. Presence of active, grade 2-4 acute or extensive chronic GvHD.
13. Concurrent or recent prior therapies, before infusion:

    1. Systemic steroids (at a dose \> 2 mg/kg prednisone) in the 2 weeks before infusion. Recent or current use of inhaled/topical/non-absorbable steroids is not exclusionary
    2. Systemic chemotherapy in the 2 weeks preceding infusion
    3. Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) or Alemtuzumab (Campath®) in the 8 weeks preceding infusion
    4. Immunosuppressive agents in the 2 weeks preceding infusion
    5. Radiation therapy must have been completed at least 3 weeks prior to enrollment
    6. Other anti-neoplastic investigational agents currently administered or within 30 days prior to infusion (i.e., start of protocol therapy)
    7. Exceptions:

       * There is no time restriction in regards to prior intrathecal chemotherapy but there must be a complete recovery from any acute toxic effects from such chemotherapy;
       * Patients who relapse while receiving standard ALL maintenance chemotherapy will not be required to have a waiting period before entry onto this study provided that they meet all other eligibility criteria;
       * Subjects receiving steroid therapy at physiologic replacement doses only are allowed provided that there has been no increase in dose for at least 2 weeks prior to starting apheresis.

Where this trial is running

Rome, Rome

• Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù — Rome, Rome, Italy (RECRUITING)

Study contacts

• Principal investigator: Franco Locatelli, MD, PhD — Director Department of Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy
• Study coordinator: Franco Locatelli, MD, PhD

Conditions: T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoblastic Lymphoma, T-ALL, T-LL, Relapsed, Refractory, anti-CD7 PEBL-CAR T